E-StoreINERT PAIR EFFECT IN DETAIL ...
Here is the ever confusing INERT PAIR EFFECT IN DETAIL ...
In heavier elements the 2 s electrons refuse to take part in reaction thus making the (n-2) state favourable ...this is coz s has max penetration effect and so diffuses to the nucleus best and thus refuses to take part in a reaction under the effect of the nuclear attraction ...actually , as we progress in the periodic table , protons are added to the nucleus & electrons to the various oritals, now as the electrons are added to the d & f orbital they are attracted more by the protons in the nucleus , coz the d & f orbitals have poor shielding effect , ie the shielding of the electrons in the valence shell ...eg in Sb ( antimony) ....configuration is [Kr] [4d10] [5s2] [5p2] ..........but due to poor shielding of [4d10] ....the 5s2 electrons do not participate in the reaction ............and so stable OS is = (n-2) = 4-2 = 2 ( n for the group pnictogens ( N P As Sb Bi) is 4 .
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