no. of geometrical isomers
a) in compounds with n numbers of pie bonds and different ends ,no. of geometrical isomers === (2)n
b) in compounds with n numbers of pie bonds and same ends ,no. of geometrical isomers
1-- n is even
no. == 2n-1 + 2 n/2+1
2-- n is odd
no.== 2n-1 + 2 (n+1)/2 -1
no. of optical isomerism
1- in molecules with n numbers of assymetric c atoms and which are not divisible in two equal halves.
a)no. of optically active forms = (2)n =a
b)no. of enantiomeric forms = a/2
c)no. of racemic mixtures = a/2
d)no. of meso forms = 0
2.molecules which are divisible in two equal halves
case 1. n=even number
a)no. of optically active forms = (2)n-1 =a
b)no. of enantiomeric forms = a/2
c)no. of racemic mixtures = a/2
d)no. of meso forms = m= 2 n/2-1
e)no. of configurational isomers =a+m
case 2. n=odd number
a)no. of optically active forms = (2)n-1- 2 (n-1)/2 =a
b)no. of enantiomeric forms = a/2
c)no. of racemic mixtures = a/2
d)no. of meso forms = m = 2 (n-1)/2
e)no. of configurational isomers =a+m
valuable coments neccessary plz
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