notes on isomerism   4 Nickels awarded! Tagged with:  notes on isomerism     academic    posted on 22 Jul 2007 21:45:22 IST
Isomers Isomers are molecules with the same molecular formula, but different arrangements of atoms. There are different types of isomers, shown by the diagram on the right.   Functional Isomerism Functional isomerism, an example of structural isomerism, occurs substances have the same molecular formula but different functional groups. This means that functional isomers belong to different homologous series. ethanol methoxymethane  C2H6O Alcohols have the hydroxyl group, ?OH. Ethers have the functional group R?O?R'.   propanal propanone (acetone) C3H6O Aldehydes and ketones both have the carbonyl group C=O. In ketones this is attached to two carbon atoms; in aldehydes it is attached to 1 or 2 hydrogen atoms. Positional Isomerism Positional isomerism, an example of structural isomerism, occurs when functional groups are in different positions on the same carbon chain. butan-1-ol butan-2-ol       but-1-ene but-2-ene Note: this is cis-but-2-ene, which has a geometric isomer called trans-but-2-ene (select here to find out more)   2-methylphenol 3-methylphenol 4-methylphenol Chain Isomerism Chain isomerism occurs when the way carbon atoms are linked together is different from compound to compound. It is an example of structural isomerism, and is also called nuclear isomerism. pentane 2-methylbutane 2,2-dimethylpropane	About the Author: rakesh61 (1898) Blazing goIITian  342  [436 rates] total posts: 1069     Offline
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