Here are few important elements of the periodic table :

Lightest element : Hydrogen

Strongest oxidising element : F

Strongest Reducing Element : Fr

Elements which have no core electrons : H and He

Elements which is stored in water : White Phosphorus(P4)

Elements which are stored in Kerosene Oil : Na, K, Rb, Cs

Least electropositive element : F

Least electronegative element : Fr

Elements of Highest Electon Affinity : Cl

Elements of Lowest Electron Affinity : Fr

Elements of Highest Covalency 8 : Ru, Os

Elements of Highest Ionization Potential : He

Elements of Lowest Ionization Potential : Fr

Element of Largest radius : Cs

Element of Smallest Radius : H

Rarest element of Earth's Crust : At

Most abundant element of Earth's Crust : O

Lightest Metal : Li

Heaviest Metal : Os

Most Malleable Metal : Au

Most Reactive Metal : Fr

Most Reactive Non-metal : F

Noble Metal : Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt, Au

Metal which shows Highest Valency of 9 : Pu

Metal used in Overhead Electric wires ; Al

Liquid Metals : Cs, Fr, Hg, Ga

The only liquid non-metal : Br

Amphoteric metals : Zn, Al, Sn, Pb, As, Cr, Po

Coinage Metals : Cu, Ag, Au

Volatile Metals : Zn, Cd, Hg

The only liquid non-metal : Br

Neutral Gases : H, N, O, CO, N
2O, NO, PH
3 
White Gold : Pt

Liquid Gold : Petrol

Mosaic of Gold : SnS
2 
Rolled Gold : Alloy of Cu and Al

Gold Fulominate : H
2N-Au=NH

Liquid Silver : Hg

Largest Cation : Cs
+ 
Smallest Cation : H
+