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   Some basic concepts of Chemical Kinetics
posted on 1 Jun 2007 17:47:37 IST    1244 views    14 comments
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Tagged with:   12 Nickels awarded!
So here I will be clearing some misconceptions that students generally make while studying Chemical Kinetics. But it is not totally their fault as they are taught that way.

FIRST MISCONCEPTION
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OK.......So tell me how do you define rate in chemical kinetics.....????

Students normally answer rate of a reaction as rate of change of CONCENTRATION with respect to TIME....
That is........... Rate = d(C)/dt

Now this definition in one's mind actually has no basic meaning and also this is TOTALLY WRONG conception. First let me tell you why it has no meaning and then i will tell why it is wrong.
While mentioning the rate one must mention what rate he/she is telling about.....
By this i mean that in a reaction like following,

aA + bB --> pP + sS

has actually four rates,

(-rA) = Rate of decompostion of reactant A (minus sign denotes reactantant and that it is decomposing that is getting exhausted and getting converted to products)
(-rB) = Rate of decompostion of reactant B
(+rP) = Rate of formation of product P
(+rS) = Rate of formation of product S

and all af them are related by their stoitiometric coefficients as follows.....
(-rA)/a = (-rB)/b = (+rP)/p = (+rS)/s
So just defining rate of a reaction requires proper specification that about which species you are defining the rate. All the above four are rates of the same reaction but defined with respect to specific species.

Now I say that Rate = d(C)/dt is totally WRONG.......

The ACTUAL DEFINITION is........ Rate of A = (1/VA)*d(NA)/dt
Where VA ---------> Volume of A at present
and NA -------------> Number of moles of A at present

NOW REMEMBER IF AND ONLY IF "VA" is CONSTANT then.........

VA can go within the differential term and,
Rate of A = d(NA/VA) / dt = d(CA) / dt

As we know concentration of A = CA = Number of moles of A per unit volume of A
So only for "VA" being constant your definition is true otherwise not.
So you should also know that for GAS PHASE REACTIONS there is always a change in volume of the GASES and thus your expression is never valid.
But your expression is always valid for LIQUID PHASE reactions where there is practically no change in volume. But that expression is not a correct one. When you learn you must learn the generalized concept and my definition is valid Universally and has no restrictions. Hope misconception is cleared.

If you like this then tell me i will come up with more in depth detailed and far easy and normal misconceptions that most mediocre students have while preparing for IIT.
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DEBABRATA NAG (299)

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Olaaa!! Perrrfect answer.  51  [73 rates]

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 shipra bhardwaj is offline comment by shipra bhardwaj      (posted on 1 Jun 2007 17:51:21 IST)
    guuddd jobe
DEBABRATA NAG is offline comment by DEBABRATA NAG      (posted on 1 Jun 2007 18:11:17 IST)
    Thanks.....!!!!
Jyoti Deka is offline comment by Jyoti Deka      (posted on 3 Jun 2007 17:32:03 IST)
    Gud job and research on the chapter
Excellent.
kunnal negi is offline comment by kunnal negi      (posted on 27 Jun 2007 00:36:16 IST)
    thank u very much
shine is offline comment by shine      (posted on 27 Jun 2007 12:50:35 IST)
    thankssssssss
excellent job
ajeenkya is offline comment by ajeenkya      (posted on 1 Jul 2007 16:29:25 IST)
    "If you like this then tell me i will come up with more in depth detailed and far easy and normal misconceptions that most mediocre students have while preparing for IIT."
Yes pls go ahead!!
the great lord is offline comment by the great lord      (posted on 27 Jan 2010 16:34:12 IST)
    nice,very erudite....
Abhishek S is offline comment by Abhishek S      (posted on 27 Jan 2010 16:46:52 IST)
    nice.
sanchit says comment by sanchit says ""Imagination has its own reality""      (posted on 27 Jan 2010 16:53:17 IST)
    nice thanx
Kiran Malhotra is offline comment by Kiran Malhotra      (posted on 27 Jan 2010 18:16:36 IST)
    gudd. it'll prove to be useful. thanks
Criss Angel is offline comment by Criss Angel      (posted on 28 Jan 2010 01:41:00 IST)
    Awesome..
Abhishek Sharma is offline comment by Abhishek Sharma      (posted on 29 Jan 2010 19:15:54 IST)
    kinda knew it.btw, thanks for ur dedication! ;)
aditya vardhan is online comment by aditya vardhan      (posted on 30 Jan 2010 21:15:02 IST)
    Good work. But what is your source for defining the rate as dn/dt * 1/V? And I would like clarification of how the volume is changed during gas phase reactions where the container volume is not going to be changed. Even if it is changed, the concentration is going to be changed automatically. So I feel the original definition of dc/dt is the actual definition but need to be specified.
devi is offline comment by devi      (posted on 31 Jan 2010 14:42:43 IST)
    thank u............
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