Carnots engine is a theoritical engine. The emphasis is on the parts of the engine for its maximum efficiency.

 

Parts:-

 

1> Source-

     It is a reservoir of heat of infinite thermal capacity i.e. whatever be the amount of heat taken from the source, its temp dosent change.

 

2> Working substance:-

     It is a perfect gas. The gas is kept inside a cylinder that possesses non conducting walls but a conducting bottom and is initially put on an insulated plateform. The cylinder is fitted with a piston that is frictionless.

 

3> Sink-

     It is also a reservoir of infinite thermal capacity i.e whatever be the amount of heat supplied to the sink its temp dosent change. the sink is at a relatively lower temp compared to the source.

 

Process-

 

In the figure the complete cycle ABCD is called carnots cycle.

 

Initially the cylinder is kept on an insulated plateform.

 

AB-

In the first step the cylinder is kept on the source and some amount of heat is absorbed by the gas. This heat is completely converted into work and the gas expands and causes the piston to move up. The process is isothermal expansion. The temp does not change due to the slownwss of the process.

 

BC-

In the second step the cylinder is again kept on the plateform. Dur to inertia of the piston it continues to move up. This is adiabatic expansion.

 

CD-

In the  third step the cylinder is kept over the sink where it loses heat. This causes the gas to compress. This process is isothermal compression.

 

AD-

In the fourth and the last step the cylinder is kept on the plateform again and the initial conditions are restored adiabatically. This is adiabatic compression.

 

 

This complete cycle is called carnots cycle and the engine is called Carnot's Engine.

 

Efficiency of Carnots engine is  1-T2/T1

Hey anshuman !

what a detailed solution !!!!!!!! Hav u copied it from somewhere or written on ur own ???????

I wrote it on my own.

Just remembered everything coz of my Physics exam on 7th.

Pls rate me.