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difference between anhydrous and fused calcium chloride

Chemistry

difference between anhydrous and fused calcium chloride

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edison

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26 Jan 2012 18:41:43 IST

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Calcium Chloride Anhydrous

Calcium Chloride, CaCl₂, chemical compound that is crystalline, lumpy, or flaky, is usually white, and is very soluble in water. There are a number of hydrated forms, including the monohydrate, CaCl₂.H₂O, the dihydrate, CaCl₂.2H₂O (r.d. 0.84), and the hexahydrate, CaCl₂.6H₂O. The hexahydrate loses 4H₂O at >30°C and the remaining 2H₂O at >200°C). Large quantities of it are formed as a byproduct of the Solvays Process or other manufacturing activities and it can be prepared by dissolving calcium carbonate or calcium oxide in hydrochloric acid.

Calcium Chloride, CaCl₂, is hygroscopic; it rapidly absorbs water and is used to dry gases by passing them through it. Calcium chloride is commercially available usually as the dihydrate, CaCl₂·2H₂O; it is used to melt ice on roads, to control dust, in brines for refrigeration, and as a preservative in foods. It is also used in the monohydrate and hexahydrate forms.

Calcium Chloride Fused

The wording Calcium Chloride fused is loosely used for Calcium Chloride having various amount of water with CaCl2 around its dihydrate formula i.e. CaCl2.2H2O and it is ideally having 75.5% Calcium Chloride with water.

It is important for the user of Calcium Chloride fused to understand this,

First stage at which manufactured Calcium Chloride, CaCl₂is available is of Calcium Chloride Solution say of 30-35%.. On further evaporation it can be converted to Calcium Chloride Dihydrate Crystals or Calcium Chloride Fused.

Calcium Chloride Dihydrate is having a melting point of 176^oC or there about. When its solution is evaporated in bottom fired open pans. There is a percentage gradient in the mass due to bottom heating and top cooling. The material becomes fluffy and semi-solid at about 72% CaCl2. If the material is discharged at this point we can call this material as Solid Fused Calcium Chloride.

If the evaporating solution is not discharged at a little over 72% assay. It evaporates further to a mass at >176^oC and solidifies when the assay is >77%. If the material is discharged at this point we can call this material as Porous Fused Calcium Chloride.

The material that is a little >77% assay will be solid at 200-500^oC and to make Calcium Chloride Anhydrous, this >77% material must be dried at >200^oC in a furnace. A day of drying is needed in the conventional furnace to get fully anhydrous material.

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