Hey vary simple Li has hich M.P.It liberates high energybut not sufficient to melt it.While in case of others their M.P is low and the energy is sufficient to melt it.Hence the metal gets exposed to larger surface area.So other elements of 1A acts vigorously with water.
The congeners of lithium like sodium, potassiumetc. because of their low melting points readily melt because of the heat evolved during the reaction. The molten metal thus spreads out thereby exposing a larger surface to water. As a result, react even faster, get even hotter and and catch fire. On the other hand, Lithium has high melting point, although the heat of the reaction is high, it still is not sufficient to melt the metal and hence the reaction proceeds gently.
Moderation Team
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