IIT JEE , AIEEE Forum - Physics , Magnetism

Aatish

I want to ask why a steel chamber necessary in a cyclotron..........please give a convincing answer..............

Aatish

heyyyyyyyyy itssssssss notttt faaairrrrrrrrr none answering my questions....... :'( m very sad.........

General.Maximus

You know that a magnetic field always acts perpendicular to a particle's velocity, right? That means it cannot change the velocity, but only the direction of the particle's velocity vector.

Now in a cyclotron, we need the magnetic field so that we can rotate the particle around in a circle within the device itself. But that alone cannot increase the speed of the particle because, as I said, the magnetic field does not increase the speed of the particle.

Therefore we need an electric field to act perpendicular to the particle's velocity vector so that we can accelerate the particle. If we were to have a fixed electric field in a random direction, the particle might fly off in an arbitrary direction depending on it's charge instead of going round in a circle. Therefore we introduce an electric field in the system in such a way that it's direction can be changed at will. But this system, too is not manageable. Here the steel chamber comes into play.

When the charged particle enters the steel chamber, only the magnetic field acts on it because, as you have read in electrostatics, there is no field inside a hollow, charged body. When the charged particle exits the D shaped chamber, the electric field acts on it and it gets accelerated a bit. Then it again enters the steel chamber and moves in a larger circle with only the magnetic field acting on it. As soon as it leaves the chamber again, the direction of the electric field is reversed so that it gets the push again, hence increasing it's velocity. This process is repeated until a "deflector plate" send the particle out of the cyclotron.

krishna.gopal

VERY GOOD ANSWER MAXIMUS.

nivedh_89

u can take ant one of these 2 answers....

Diamond-like carbon (DLC) films were deposited on the inner wall surface of 304 austenitic type stainless steel tubes with inner diameter of 0.9 and 0.5 and 15 mm length by a plasma source ion implantation (PSII). A 2.45 GHz microwave was fed into a tubular vacuum chamber and supplied to an antenna. An acetylene gas was fed into the alumina ceramic tube. Plasma was produced by a coaxial electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) discharge. A magnetic field of one kilogauss was generated by a solenoidal coil. The negative high voltage pulse (typically ?10 kV, 1 kHz, 10 ?s) was applied to the steel tube. The results showed that the DLC film deposition on the inner wall of sub-millimeter size steel tubes was achieved by the PSII. Raman spectra of the DLC films showed a broad peak related to amorphous carbon structure.

Nitrogen and carbon ions were implanted into the inner wall surface of 304 austenitic type stainless steel and Ni tubes with inner diameters of 0.9, 2 and 1.6 mm, by a plasma source ion implantation (PSII). These 30 mm long substrate tubes were fixed to an alumina ceramic tube in a vacuum chamber, fed with nitrogen and acetylene gases. A 2.45 GHz microwave was supplied to an antenna in the alumina ceramic tube and plasma was produced by a coaxial electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) discharge in this tube. A negative high voltage pulse of 15 kV (1 kHz, 10 ?s) was applied to the steel and Ni tubes to extract ions from the generated plasma. The compositional and structural characterizations of the implanted surfaces were carried out using Auger electron spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The results showed that uniform nitrogen ion implantation into the millimeter size inner wall surface of metal tubes was achieved by the PSII. Carbon implantation and subsequent diamond like carbon (DLC) coating was confirmed for the inner wall surface treated by acetylene PSII.

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