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Photoelectric Effect and Wave Particle Duality; Bohrs Model and X Rays; The Nucleus and all types of vectors
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Publicized early in the debate about whether light was composed of particles or waves, a wave-particle dual nature soon was found to be characteristic of electrons as well. The evidence for the description of light as waves was well established at the turn of the century when the photoelectric effect introduced firm evidence of a particle nature as well. On the other hand, the particle properties of electrons was well documented when the de broglie hyothesis and the subsequent experiment davisson and germer established the wave nature of the electron.
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The photoelectric effect refers to the emission, or ejection, of electrons from the surface of, generally, a metal in response to incident light.
Energy contained within the incident light is absorbed by electrons within the metal, giving the electrons sufficient energy to be 'knocked' out of, that is, emitted from, the surface of the metal.
Using the classical Maxwell wave theory of light, the more intense the incident light the greater the energy with which the electrons should be ejected from the metal. That is, the average energy carried by an ejected (photoelectric) electron should increase with the intensity of the incident light.