Vriti Edustore
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I think you have a misconception that Carbon is iso or neo or teritiary,but the fact is there is no such C is neo or iso .It is a functional group is called iso
ISO :
CH3-CH-
I
CH3
THE ABOVE GROUP(KNOWN AS ISOPROPYL) IS CALLED AS ISO- ,WHEN THIS GROUP IS ATTACHED TO ANY C-CHAIN IT GETS ITS NOMENCLATURE AS ISOPROPYL,ISOBUTANE,ISO PENTANE,...ETC.
THIS NOMENCLATURE IS NOT IUPAC IT IS JUST A COMMON NAME,
NEO:
WHEN TWO CH3 GROUPS ARE ATTCHED TO A SINGLE CARBON IN A CARBAN CHAIN THEN IT IS CALLED NEO CARBON CHAIN,EG
CH3
I
CH3-CH2-C-CH2-CH3 NEO PENTANE
I
CH3
NOMENCLATURE OF CARBON C:
THE CARBON HAVE BEEN GIVEN A SPECIAL NOMENCLATURE i.e.,
C -directly attached to 1 C ;primary carbon or 1st degreee carbon
C-directly attached to 2 C ;secondary carbon or 2nd degreee carbon
C-directly attached to 3 C ; tertiary carbon or 3rd degreee carbon
C-directly attached to 4 C ; quaternary carbon or 4th degreee carbon
I think you have a misconception that Carbon is iso or neo or teritiary,but the fact is there is no such C is neo or iso .It is a functional group is called iso ISO : CH3-CH - I CH3 THE ABOVE GROUP(KNOWN AS ISOPROPYL) IS CALLED AS ISO- ,WHEN THIS GROUP IS ATTACHED TO ANY C-CHAIN IT GETS ITS NOMENCLATURE AS ISOPROPYL,ISOBUTANE,ISO PENTANE,...ETC. THIS NOMENCLATURE IS NOT IUPAC IT IS JUST A COMMON NAME, NEO: WHEN TWO CH3 GROUPS ARE ATTCHED TO A SINGLE CARBON IN A CARBAN CHAIN THEN IT IS CALLED NEO CARBON CHAIN,EG CH3 I CH3-CH2-C-CH2-CH3 NEO PENTANE I CH3 NOMENCLATURE OF CARBON C: THE CARBON HAVE BEEN GIVEN A SPECIAL NOMENCLATURE i.e., C -directly attached to 1 C ;primary carbon or 1st degreee carbon C-directly attached to 2 C ;secondary carbon or 2nd degreee carbon C-directly attached to 3 C ; tertiary carbon or 3rd degreee carbon C-directly attached to 4 C ; quaternary carbon or 4th degreee carbon
hiii
If the compound contains the grouping (CH3)2CH- , it is known as iso-compound; if it contains a quaternary carbon atom ( carbon which is attached to four other carbon atoms), the compound is known as the neo-compound.
A primary caron is one that is joined to one other carbon atom ;
A secondary carbon is joined to two carbon atoms;
A tertiary carbon is attached to three other carbon atoms.
For example, CH3CHOHCH3 is isopropyl alcohol as it has the (CH3)2CH- group; CH3CHOHCH2CH3 is secondary butyl alcohol as OH is attached to secondary carbon; (CH3)2CHCH2OH is isobutyl alcohol as it contains (CH3)2CH- group; (CH3)3C-OH is tertiary butyl alcohol as OH is attached to tertiary carbon.
(CH3)4C is neo-pentane as it has a quaternary carbon !!!!!!
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iso-
The iso alkyl group is one, in which a -CH3 branch is present at the end of the chain. In other words, the alkyl group in which the second last carbon atom in the chain is branched to one -CH3 group is called an iso alkyl group.
neo-
When two -CH3 branches are present at the end of the chain the alkyl group in designated as neo alkyl group. This is the alkyl group in which the second last carbon atom in the chain is branched to two -CH3 groups.
tert- or t-
The prefix 'tert'- before the name of the alkyl group indicates that the H-atom has been removed from a tertiary carbon atom.