IIT JEE , AIEEE Forum - Chemistry , Organic Chemistry

srujana

Please explain the sp2 hybridization of carbocations.

Greatdreams

ions tat carry +ve charges are calld carbocations.they occur by heterolysis like by addition of acids to unsat compds,compds containing oxygen,by decompsition of diazonium salts etc.
The most imp reacns of carbocatioons are that of recombining wit electron rich species,elimination of proton to form olefin,rearrange to form more stable carbocations,add to alkene to form bigger carbocations.

the carbocations take more stable sp2 hybridisation wit the vacant 2p orbitals at rt angles to plane of sp2 orbitals.the vacant 2p orbital can be attacked from either side of the plane of the ion by an electron rich species.sorry for not being able to post the diagram.Moreover i am not at all good in organic.I hope people will cum up wit better answers.

waterdemon

Your nudge says that Carbocation should be "sp3".

Wait let me show you both diagrams of Carbocation and
carbanion.

In case for Carbocation:
As Shown in figure(i)

Carbon is in sp² hybridised state where the unused
p-orbital remains vacant.

In case for Carbanion:
As Shown in Figure(ii)

Carbon is in sp³ hybridised state where forth sp³ hybrid
orbitals has a nonbonding pair of electrons.Thus structure
is "Trigonal pyramidal as in Ammonia".

Hope you find it useful,
Rate if useful.

Cheers!!!!!!!!!!!!!

polymath

there r only 3 bond pair of electrons and zero lone pairs, so its hybridisation will be sp2 and shape is trigonal planar.

waterdemon

Thank you!!!!!!!
Srujana.

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