E-StoreHome » Ask & Discuss » Chemistry. » Organic Chemistry « Back to Discussion
Organic Chemistry
Comments (6)
The Baker-Nathan effect in organic chemistry is an effect observed with reaction rates for certain chemical reactions with certain substrates where the order in reactivity cannot be explained solely by an inductive effect of substituents.[1]
This effect was described in 1935 by John W. Baker and W. S. Nathan.[2][3][4] They examined the chemical kinetics for the reaction of pyridine with benzyl bromide and with a range of benzyl bromides with different para alkyl substituents (reaction product a pyridinium salt).
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baker-Nathan_effect
Baker-nathan effect or Hyperconjugation or No-bond resonance is an extension of resonance effect . Whereas the resonance effect involves delocalisation of pi electrons of two or more conjugated double bonds or pi-electrons of double bond and non-bonding electrons of hetero atom, hyperconjugation involves delocalisation of sigma electrons through overlapping of p-orbitals of double bond with sigma orbital of the adjacent single bond. It may be regarded as sigma-pi conjugation.
(d) Hyperconjugation: The alkyl groups with at least one hydrogen atom on the a-carbon atom, attached to an unsaturated carbon atom, are able to release electrons by a mechanism similar to that of the electromeric effect, e.g.
Note that the delocalization involves s and p bond orbitals (or p orbitals in case of free radicals); thus it is also known as s-p conjugation. This type of electron release due to the presence of the system H - C - C = C is known as hyperconjugation.
Preparing for IIT-JEE ?
Arihant Revision Package for IIT JEE - Books, Practice Tests + Rank Predictor
@ INR 1,995/-
For Quick Info
Find Posts by Topics
Physics.
TopicsMathematics.
Chemistry.
Biology
Institutes
Parents
Board
Fun Zone
|
|
|
|
|
| 35,229,755 Engineering Questions Attempted |
6,69,530 Visitors Monthly |
79 Engg. Exam Covered |
1677 Students Currently Online |
Connect with Us  |
 |
