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![[Post New]](/templates/default/images/icon_minipost_new.gif) 28 Apr 2007 09:06:21 IST
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How do u predict the hybridization of an atom in a compound ?
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28 Apr 2007 10:32:31 IST
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3 simple steps to calculate hybridization:
1) identify the central atom
2) find sum total of all the VALENCE electrons of ALL the atoms bonded to the central atom including the central atom as well
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i) if the total is > 8, divide total by 8 and the remainder by 2. Add the 2 quotients. Lets say u get the answer as 4, then it is sp3.
ii) if the toal is <=8, divide by 2 only, to get ur quotient. Lets say that ur quotient is 3, then hybridization is sp2 (ie. basically, the quotient in both cases, decide how many orbitals are involved in the hybrid orbital)
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28 Apr 2007 14:18:56 IST
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hybridization can be predicted by the no of bonds&no of electrons in the valence shell
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28 Apr 2007 15:12:31 IST
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here's one more formula ...
hybridization H=1/2(V+M-C+A)..here v is the number of valence shell electrons..m is no. of monovalent ions...c is no. of cations and a denotes the number of anions...here if the value of H comes out to be 2,3,4,5,6,then they denote hybridization sp,sp2,sp3,sp3d,sp3d2 respectively..
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20 May 2007 19:58:52 IST
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a better formula is H=SA+1/2(G-V-C) ,where SA is the no. of surrounding atoms, G is the no. of valence electrons in ground state, V is the valency of the atom & C is the the charge on molecule remember when there is negative charge on the molecule -C becomes positive & vice versa.for H=2,3,4,5,6,7 hybridization is sp2,sp3,sp3(dsp2 for complexes),sp3d,sp3d2 & sp3d3 respectively.This method is less time taking but can sometimes be wrong for complexes so the best method is H=no. of sigma bonds + lone pairs, when odd no. of eletrons are left in the valence shell then the single electron left should be taken a lone pair.
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20 May 2007 20:04:00 IST
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I calculate i in this way: calculate number of sigma bonds that atom is making.Add this number to the number of lone pair of electrons on that atom that are not participating in resonance.The ans gives u the hybridisation.
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