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22 May 2012 13:52:49 IST

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stoichiometry

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what is the difference between oxidation state and oxidation number of an element?

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Vikram Saxena

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23 May 2012 10:53:34 IST

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basically ther is no difference between oxidation number and the oxidation state both are the same thing.

oxidation state of a atom in a molecule is defined as the charge possess by the molecule by considiring it in a completely electrovaent state this charge can be real or imaginary.

and the number assinged to represent the charge is termed as oxidation number

Examples in the N03- ion the N and O atoms are +5 and -2 respectively.

shashank shekhar

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23 May 2012 17:23:07 IST

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Oxidation state: A measure of the degree of oxidation of an atom in a substance. It is defined as the charge an atom might be imagined to have when electrons are counted according to an agreed-upon set of rules:

(1) the oxidation state of a free element (uncombined element) is zero
(2) for a simple (monoatomic) ion, the oxidation state is equal to the net charge on the ion (For example, Cl^- has an oxidation state of -1)
(3) hydrogen has an oxidation state of 1 and oxygen has an oxidation state of −2 when they are present in most compounds. (Exceptions to this are that hydrogen has an oxidation state of −1 in hydrides of active metals, e.g. LiH, and oxygen has an oxidation state of −1 in peroxides, e.g. H₂O₂ or −1/2 in superoxides, e.g. KO₂)
(4) the algebraic sum of oxidation states of all atoms in a neutral molecule must be zero, while in ions the algebraic sum of the oxidation states of the constituent atoms must be equal to the charge on the ion.

In coordination chemistry, the oxidation number of a central atom in a coordination compound is the charge that it would have if all the ligands were removed along with the electron pairs that were shared with the central atom.^[1]

The oxidation number= is used in the nomenclature of inorganic compounds. It is represented by a Roman numeral. The oxidation number is placed either as a right superscript to the element symbol, for example Fe^III, or in parentheses after the name of the element, iron(III): in the latter case, there is no space between the element name and the oxidation number. ** hit like if helpful*****

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