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Well quantum numbers are the solutions of the Schrodinger Equation-the possible energy states and corresponding wave functions for an electron are given by a set of three quantum numbers . these r principal quantum number , azimuthal quantum number and magnetic quantum number, later even the electronic spin quantum number was found.
You will come to know about thse gradualy but do not research too much about the schrodinger eqn, its beyond our scope
quantum theory was developed to explain the atomic structure more specifically.this theory uses quantum numbers for distinguishing atomic orbitals by representing their size ,shape, energy orientation etc.eacg atomic orbital is represented by three quantum numbers n,l,m
n the principal quantum number represents the size and to a large extent the orbital's energy.it identifies the shell in which the orbital, is present as well .the no of allowed orbitals in a shell is gn by n2 .further more the no signifies the shell like this
1 2 3 4 ....
k l m n .....as n increases the orbital size increases..
l ,the azimuthal quantum number designates the sublevels or subshells for a value of n l can range from 0 to n-1.it also decides 3d shapes of the orbital. designtion s p df .... 0 1 2 3....
magnetic quantum number decides the orientation of the orbital with respect to a particular axis. it also dece\ides how many orbitals are to b present in a subshell .a subshell can have 2l +1 no of orbitals. for a value of l=1 m can range from -1,0,1 (2(1)+1) subshells.
spin no signifies whether an electron in a n orbital has rightward or leftward spin.so an orbital can accomodate an electron with right spin and another with left spin...so 2 electrons
cosider this example for n= 3 l= 0 m= 0 s=+1/2, -1/2 for each value of m 2 electrons
l=1 m=-1,0,1 " 6 electrons
l=2 m=-2,-1,0,1,2 " 10 electrons
so adding the no of entries for m , we get 9 since m signifies the no of oe\rbitals there are 9 orbitals for this shell 3 which is also verified by n^2 = 9
rate me if its useful :)
quantum numbers. !
each atomic orbital in an atom is refered by a set of three quantum numbers
1) prnicipal =n identifies the shell
2)azimuthal =l gives subshell, angular momentum
3)magnetic =ml orientation
ms= spin !
the state of electron in an atom is given by the quantum numbers!
these are arises due to solution of schro"dinger equation
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Don't know much about them but they are conserved(constant) values for quantum(microscopic) particles. Like charge, spin, angular momemtum etc
the quantum state of an electron is determined by its quantum numbers
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