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Catalogs Discussion Forums -> Algebra -> does anyone dare 2 solve this??????????!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! -> Go to message
This Post 0 points    (Olaaa!! Perrrfect answer.   in 0 votes )   [?]
5 replies   
Transform the integral as follows

I = ( cos2x)/sinx = ((cos2 x - sin2 x))/sinx = ((1 - tan2 x))/tanx
(Dividing the Nr & Dr by cosx)

Substitute tanx = t

I = [( (1-t2 ))/t][1/(1+t2 )] dt = [( (1-t2 ))/t(1+t2 )] dt

Substitute 1-t2  = u2

I = - [u /t(2-u2 )][u/t} du = - [u2 /(1-u2 )(2-u2 )]du = [u2 /(u2 -1)(2-u2 )]du
=(1/2) [2(u2 -1) +  (2-u2 )/(u2 -1)(2-u2 )]du = (1/2)[2/( (2-u2 ) du - 1/(1-u2) du]
= (1/ 2)ln[( 2 + u)/( 2 - u)] - (1/ 2)ln[( 2 + u)/( 2 - u)]
=(1/ 2)ln[( 2 + (1 - tan2 x))/( 2 - (1 - tan2 x))] - (1/ 2)ln[( 2 + (1 - tan2 x))/( 2 - (1 - tan2 x))]
=(1/ 2)ln[( 2 cosx + (cos2 x - sin2 x))/( 2 cosx - (cos2 x - sin2 x))] - (1/ 2)ln[( 2 cosx + (cos2 x - sin2 x))/( 2 cosx - (cos2 x - sin2 x))]
= (1/ 2)ln[( 2 cosx + (cos2x))/( 2 cosx - (cos2x)]
- (1/ 2)ln[( 2 cosx + (cos2x))/( 2 cosx - (cos2x))]

Hope the answer si right ... Lengthy ...phew!!


Catalogs Discussion Forums -> Differential Calculus -> concept of differentiation -> Go to message
This Post 10 points    (Olaaa!! Perrrfect answer.   in 2 votes )   [?]
9 replies   
Differentiation is essentially the process of finding the slope of the tangent of a given curve. When we say that a function is differentiable at a point, what we essentially mean is that its curve has a unique tangent at the point specified.

A non differentiable function doesn't have a unique tangent at the point under consideration. For example, consider the graph of |x|. At the origin you can have two tangents. So it isn't differentiable at x = 0. However for all other points it is differentiable.
Catalogs Discussion Forums -> Differential Calculus -> limit -> Go to message
This Post 0 points    (Olaaa!! Perrrfect answer.   in 0 votes )   [?]
10 replies   
The base is obviously greater than unity. Any base greater than 1 raised to a large power tend to infinity
So the answer is infinity
Catalogs Discussion Forums -> Mechanics -> projectile. -> Go to message
This Post 0 points    (Olaaa!! Perrrfect answer.   in 0 votes )   [?]
12 replies   
Agree with Nick ... the answer is 5h/3
Catalogs Discussion Forums -> Mechanics -> newton's laws of motion -> Go to message
This Post 4 points    (Olaaa!! Perrrfect answer.   in 2 votes )   [?]
10 replies   
Effective acceleration of the bodies
aA = g+R/mA
aB = g+R/mB

Height attained by the bodies
HA = u2 /2aA
HB = u2 /2aB

Let mA >mB
g+R/mA < g+R/mB
u2 /2aA > u2 /2aB
HA >HB

Hence the heavier mass attains greater height.
Catalogs Discussion Forums -> Mechanics -> newton's laws of motion -> Go to message
This Post 7 points    (Olaaa!! Perrrfect answer.   in 2 votes )   [?]
2 replies   
The rotation of earth around its own axis makes it a non inertial frame, for if we are to observe the equilibrium of any particle in the reference frame of earth, we mus introduce pseudo force. The effect of earth rotation is the reason for the coriolis forces that are observed on any particle moving on earth's surface, when observed in the reference frame of earth. Look up the last solved problem in HC Verma's Circular motion. You will get a fairly good idea of coriolis forces from there.

A similar effect is caused by the rotation of earth around the sun.

Now as to why we treat the earth as inertial frame for most problems. First these effects can be neglected for most problems that we solve at +2 level. Second, the complexity of the problem increases twofold.
So for a simpler analysis, we neglect such effects & assume that Newton's Laws are applicable.
Community shelf Community shelf -> A reverse problem: Finding projectile parameters from its equation -> Go to message
This Post 20 points    (Olaaa!! Perrrfect answer.   in 4 votes )   [?]
2 replies   
Most of you have read projectiles and know how to find the equation of trajectory when the initial velocity, angle of projection are given.

Lets consider a reverse problem:
Given a general quadratic equation, lets find its initial velocity, angle of projection, time of flight, etc., etc, etc ....

Consider a quadratic equation
y = ax2+bx+c -------------(1)
The X axis is considered to be the horizontal plane, and the Y axis is vetial, positive up.
Now, for this equation to represent a projectile, it should be a parabola that opens downwards, ie, a<0
Also, it should have two real roots. For the case of a single real root, the equation represents a particle thrown vertically upwards.
So = b2 - 4ac >0

Lets assume that the particle is projected from the X axis only.
Then, if c>0, the particle is projected from the left of the origin.
If c = 0, the particle is projected from origin.
If c< 0, the particle is projected from the right of the origin.

Differentiating the equation wrt x,
dy/dx = 2ax + b
Equating it to zero, we get the critical point
xc = -b/2a
d2 y/dx= 2a <0
Hence xc is a point of maxima.
H = ymax = y(xc ) = -/4a -----------------(2)

Differentiating the equation wrt time t,
dy/dt = 2ax(dx/dt) + b(dx/dt) ---------------(3)
Differentiating again wrt t
d2 y/dt2 = (2ax + b)(d2 x/dt2) + 2a(dx/dt)2 ---------------(4)
Now,
d2 y/dt2 = -g & d2 x/dt2 = 0
Substituting these values in (4)
-g = (2a)vx2
vx (-g/2a), which is a constant. -----------------(5)
So the X component of velocity remains constant.

From (3),
vy = (2ax+b)vx -------------------(6)

Let the roots of the equation (1) be & such that <. Then x = is the projection point. Hence at the projection point,

ux (-g/2a) &
uy = (2a+b)vx

Now as is a root of the equation (1)
= (-b+ )/2a
(2a+b) =

Hence at projection point,
ux (-g/2a) &
uy = (-g/2a)

So initial speed,
u = ux2 + uy2
   
(1+)(-g/2a) --------------------(7)

Angle of projection
= tan-1 (uy / ux) = tan-1 ------------------(8)

Time of flight
T = 2uy/g = (-/2ag)

Horizontal range
R = 2uy ux /g = - /a ------------------(9)

These derived equations provide a complete description of the projectile.
u =  [(1+)(-g/2a)]
= tan-1
R = - /a
T =  (-/2ag)
H = -/4a

Lets take an example to see these formulas in work

Let the equation be
y = -x2+5x-6

The constant term is -ve, hence the particle is projected from the  +ve X axis
=  1

u =  [(1+)(-g/2a)] = 10 m/s
= tan-1 = 45 deg
R = - /a = 1 m
T =  (-/2ag) = 1/(2 5) s
H = -/4a = 1/4 m

Catalogs Discussion Forums -> Differential Calculus -> question on differentiation -> Go to message
This Post 0 points    (Olaaa!! Perrrfect answer.   in 0 votes )   [?]
9 replies   
y = 4/x
dy/dx = -4/x2
x(dy/dx) + xy2= - 4/x +(xy)y = -y + 4y = 3y
Catalogs Discussion Forums -> Mechanics -> Work-Energy Problem -> Go to message
This Post 10 points    (Olaaa!! Perrrfect answer.   in 2 votes )   [?]
8 replies   
About potential energy ....

Lets take an example

Consider two masses kept at a distance from each other. Let one of the masses be fixed. The other mass experiences a gravitational attraction due to the fixed mass. If  the free mass is not stopped, then it will accelerate towards the fixed mass and gain kinetic energy.

Now we will not let the free mass gain kinetic energy. Suppose an external agent applies a force equal and opposite to the gravitational force. Then the free mass is at equilibrium. Now suppose we move the free mass very slowly by an infinitesimal distance dx along the line joining the two particles, away from the fixed mass. The forces still approximately balance. (The gravitational force will change a little, but we may neglect it as the change is very small)

Now, the work done by the external force (against the gravitational force) during this small displacement does not increase the KE of the body, for the particle doesn't accelerate, So where does it go???

Now, work done always changes energy content. We define this work to correspond to the change in potential energy.
Hence
dW = Fext dx = dU
As Fext= Fgrav
dU = -Fgrav dx

Or more generally,
dU =Fext dx =  -Fcons dx
That is change in PE is the amount of work done by an external force against a conservative force without changing the KE
Catalogs Discussion Forums -> Optics -> Physics -> Go to message
This Post 0 points    (Olaaa!! Perrrfect answer.   in 0 votes )   [?]
12 replies   
Well, this is the question Einstein posed to his wife while explaining to her the basic difficulties of his theories.
For further details see any site that discuss Einsteins works.
However, the question is not in the realm of JEE
Catalogs Discussion Forums -> Optics -> focal length -> Go to message
This Post 0 points    (Olaaa!! Perrrfect answer.   in 0 votes )   [?]
5 replies   
If d>fcon then parallel rays converge due to the lens at a point before they reach the mirror. In this case the focal length of the system is fcon .

If d<fcon
For parallel rays striking the lens they converge at focus. Hence for the mirror,
u = -(fcon - d)       (A virtual object)
Applying the mirror formula,
1/v + 1/(fcon - d)  = -1/fdiv
v = - [(fcon - d) fdiv ] /(fcon + fdiv -d)
Distance from the optic centre of the lens
[(fcon - d) fdiv ] /(fcon + fdiv -d)  + d
= (fcon  fdiv  - (fcon + d)d)/(fcon + fdiv -d)

Catalogs Discussion Forums -> Mechanics -> freefall-1 -> Go to message
This Post 0 points    (Olaaa!! Perrrfect answer.   in 0 votes )   [?]
7 replies   
Let the total time of motion be T and the height of the tower be H
Then distance fallen till T-1 time = H - (5/9)H = (4/9)H
So,
(4/9)H = (1/2)g(T-1)----------(1)
H = (1/2)gT2 ---------(2)

Substituting (2) in (1)
5 T2  - 18T + 9 = 0
T = 3 and T = 3/5

But the stone falls for atleast one second as per the problem
So T = 3
Hence H = 45  m
Catalogs Discussion Forums -> Mechanics -> free fall-2 -> Go to message
This Post 0 points    (Olaaa!! Perrrfect answer.   in 0 votes )   [?]
2 replies   
Let the time interval between the drops be T. The 1st drop has traveled a for 4T time.
(1/2)g(4T)2 = 32
T = (2/5)

Distances travelled by the drops:
(1/2)g(T)2, (1/2)g(2T)2, (1/2)g(3T)2,32
2m, 8m, 18m, 32m

Distance between the drops
2m, 6m, 10m, 14m
Catalogs Discussion Forums -> Mechanics -> projectile. -> Go to message
This Post 0 points    (Olaaa!! Perrrfect answer.   in 0 votes )   [?]
12 replies   
Ok will correct the solution
Catalogs Discussion Forums -> Mechanics -> tricky one -> Go to message
This Post 0 points    (Olaaa!! Perrrfect answer.   in 0 votes )   [?]
12 replies   
Let the height of the building be h.
Let the topmost point of the building be A, The top of the window be B, the bottom of the window be C and the bottom most point of the building be D.

Height of the window, L = 1 m
Time taken by the ball to cross the window, T = 0.1 s
Time taken by the ball to travell from C to D and back to D again, T' = 2 s.
Acceleration, a = -g

Let the velocites of the ball at B & C be vA & vB respectively.
Then
vB = vA + aT
vB = vA - gT ----------------(1)

Also,
vB2 = vA2 + 2a(y)
vB2 = vA2 + 2gL ---------------(2)

Solving equations (1) & (2) for vB &vA
vB = -(gT + 2L/T)/2 = -10.5 m/s (Assuming g = 10m/s2 )
vA = (gT - 2L/T)/2 = -9.5 m/s

Let the distance from A to B be h1, from C to D be h2
vA2 = 2gh1
h1 = 4.5125 m

Now it can be shown that a ball dropped from a given height takes equal times to drop to the ground from that height and to come back to that height from the ground.

Hence time taken to travel from C to D
T' = 1 s

Hence,
y = vB T' + (1/2)aT' 2
-h2 = vB T' - (1/2)gT' 2
h2 = 15.5 m

Hence the height of the building = h1 + L + h2 = 21.0125 m

 
 
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