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Try to find the magnetic fields due to different components of the system and then use superimposition principle taking care of magnitude and direction of magnetic fields as it is a vector quantity.

Ofcourse, to express or reperesent a physical quantity by means of some

dimensional equation or otherwise its existence in the equation is necessary

and sufficient condition. Thus M can be expressed in terms of x, L and T

provided a is not equal to ZERO. So 'd' is the correct option.

Infact, there is no such hard and fast rule. it can be chosen by an observer in any of the frame of reference.

Use the identity 2sinA sinB = cos(A-B) + cos(A+B)

I think the data provided is insufficient as it is not only the mass or quantity of Co-60 that decides its activity but also the neuton flux and time in which it is kept for its neutron activation to take place consequent upon which it becomes radioactive.

Anyway u can use the concept that decay scheme of Co-60 is by emission of 2 gamma photons of energy 1.33Mev and 1.17Mev.

apply L- hospitals rule of differentiation to get the required result

A radial field pushes objects directly away or pulls them directly toward itself, like a magnet.

You can set the following attributes in radial fields:

Radial Name

Specifies the name of the radial field. The name cannot have spaces.

Magnitude

Sets the strength of the radial field. The larger the number, the stronger the force of the radial field. If you use a positive number, the field pushes the influenced object away. If you use a negative number, the field pulls the influenced object toward it.

Total cost of tractor will be as follows

6000 + (500 + 6000x12/100 x 1/12) + (500 + 5500x12/100 x 1/12) +

.....(500 + 500x12/100 x 1/12)

= 12000 + (1/100) x (6000 + 5500 +5000 +...+500)

= 12000 + 5 x (12 + 11 +10 + 9 + ... +1)

= 12000 + 5 x 12x 13/2

= 12000 + 30 x 13

= 12000 + 390 = 12390 ans

Vector is a physical quantity with which some magnitude and direction both are associated, like acceleration, velocity, displacement, magnetic field, electric field vector etc.

Dimension of a physical quantity reflects its units in terms of M, L, T, C, A etc that denotes mass, length, time, celsius, ampere etc. respectively

If y= 1/[(x-1)(x-2)(x-3)]

Taking log on both the sides we obtain

lny= -[ln(x-1)+ln(x-2)+ln(x-3)]

differentiating both the sides w.r.t x we obtain

(1/y)dy/dx= -[1/(x-1) +1/(x-2)+1/(x-3)]

dy/dx= -[1/(x-1) +1/(x-2)+1/(x-3)] y

dy/dx = -[(x-2)(x-3)+(x-1)(x-3)+(x-1)(x-2)]

dy/dx = -[3x² -12x +11]

1. Diamagnetism

Diamagnetism is a fundamental property of all matter, although it is usually very weak. It is due to the non-cooperative behavior of orbiting electrons when exposed to an applied magnetic field. Diamagnetic substances are composed of atoms which have no net magnetic moments (ie., all the orbital shells are filled and there are no unpaired electrons). However, when exposed to a field, a negative magnetization is produced and thus the susceptibility is negative. If we plot M vs H, we see:

Note that when the field is zero the magnetization is zero. The other characteristic behavior of diamagnetic materials is that the susceptibility is temperature independent. Some well known diamagnetic substances, in units of 10^-8 m³/kg, include:

quartz (SiO2) -0.62

Calcite (CaCO3) -0.48

water -0.90

2. Paramagnetism

This class of materials, some of the atoms or ions in the material have a net magnetic moment due to unpaired electrons in partially filled orbitals. One of the most important atoms with unpaired electrons is iron. However, the individual magnetic moments do not interact magnetically, and like diamagnetism, the magnetization is zero when the field is removed. In the presence of a field, there is now a partial alignment of the atomic magnetic moments in the direction of the field, resulting in a net positive magnetization and positive susceptibility.

In addition, the efficiency of the field in aligning the moments is opposed by the randomizing effects of temperature. This results in a temperature dependent susceptibility, known as the Curie Law.

At normal temperatures and in moderate fields, the paramagnetic susceptibility is small (but larger than the diamagnetic contribution). Unless the temperature is very low (<<100 K) or the field is very high paramagnetic susceptibility is independent of the applied field. Under these conditions, paramagnetic susceptibility is proportional to the total iron content. Many iron bearing minerals are paramagnetic at room temperature. Some examples, in units of 10^-8 m³/kg, include:

Montmorillonite (clay) 13

Nontronite (Fe-rich clay) 65

Biotite (silicate) 79

Siderite(carbonate) 100

Pyrite (sulfide) 30

The paramagnetism of the matrix minerals in natural samples can be significant if the concentration of magnetite is very small. In this case, a paramagnetic correction may be needed.

spin of an electron or any particle is intrinsic property of that particle the explanation and derevation of which is an automatic outcome of DIRAC'S EQUATION.
Further an electron can not change its spin only its direction is quantised in parallel and antiparallel direction i.e +1/2 and 1/2

Dear gorakavipraveen,

For distributed mass systems like disc, cylinder, sphere, rod etc moment of inertia can never be ZERO.

                   *    *             Weather disc is inclined or axis the case is similar.
             *            *                  Here, is an inclined disc with center C making an
         *                *                  angle A with the vertical.
     *                  *                   So any point at a distance 'r' from the center is at
*         * C     *                       a distance r sinA from the vertical axis.
*                *                            Now to find moment of inertia about this vertical
*            *                                axis
   *    *

let us consider a ring at a distance 'r' from the center and width dr,

if mass of the disc = M

then mass of this thin circular ring = M (2

r dr) /

R²

or dm = M (2

r dr) /

R²

so moment of inertia at vertical axis due to this portion is

dI = dm (r sin A )²or I = _{[0 ]}

^{[ R]} dm (r sin A )²or I = _{[0 ]}

^{[ R]} M (2

r dr) (r sin A )²/

R²

or I = _{[0 ]}

^{[ R]} 2M r³ sin²A / R² . dr

or I = 2Msin²A /R² ₀

^{[ R]} r³. dr

or I = MR²sin²A / 2

Shapes of light is always a spherical wavefront and so is the reflected wavefront traveling in forward direction of increasing radius.