Let at time t velocity of trolley is vt
mass of trolly=(m+ut)
momentum of the system=v(ut) + (m+ut)vt
At time t+dt, corresponding velocity of trolley vt + dvt , mass=m+u(t+dt)
momentum of the system=vu(t+dt) +(m+ut+udt)(vt + dvt )
Since there is no external forces acting on the system, hence momentum is conserved:
v(ut) + (m+ut)vt =vu(t+dt) +(m+ut+udt)(vt + dvt )
Dividing both sides by dt we get:
(m+ut)dvt /dt= -u(v+vt )
Solving above dirrerential equation for vt , we get:
(m+ut)(v+vt ) = K( a constant)
when t=o, vt =0
Hence k=mv
Hence vt = - uvt/(m+ut)
dvt / dt= accn = -muv/(m+ut)2