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gud einstein02 u can buy the buk 4 dem haha
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Before calculating oxidation numbers of the elements in molecules and ions it is helpful to consider three ?rules?:
[1] The oxidation number of an element is 0
[2] The oxidation number of hydrogen is usually +1, except in hydrogen itself, H2, where it is of course 0, and in metal hydrides, e.g. NaH, in which it is -1.
[3] The oxidation number of oxygen is usually -2, except in the element itself, O2, where the value is of course 0, in peroxides, e.g. H2O2, in which it is -1, and in the special case of oxygen difluoride, OF2, where it is +2.
For molecules, the total oxidation numbers of all the atoms present must equal zero. For example in NO2 (nitrogen dioxide) since the oxidation number of oxygen is -2 (see rule 3 above), the value for nitrogen must be +4 (because +4 + 2x(-2) = 0).
For ions, the total oxidation numbers of all the atoms present must equal the charge on the ion. For example, with the ammonium ion, NH4+, since hydrogen has an oxidation number of +1 (see rule 2 above), nitrogen must have an oxidation number of -3 (because -3 + 4x(+1) = +1, the charge on the ion). Another example would be the carbonate ion, CO32-, in which, as usual the oxidation number of oxygen is -2. Here the oxidation number of carbon must be +4 (because +4 + 3x(-2) = -2, the charge on the ion).
4 example: in the thiosulphate ion, S2O32-, the oxidation number of oxygen is its usual -2, so the oxidation number of sulphur must be +2 (because 2x(+2) + 3x(-2) = -2, the charge on the ion).
rate if it helped u
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H2O,ROH,H2S,RSH ETC R WEAK NUCLEOPHILES
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The pentose phosphate pathway (also called Phosphogluconate Pathway, or Hexose Monophosphate Shunt [HMP shunt]) is a process that serves to generate NADPH and the synthesis of pentose (5-carbon) sugars. There are two distinct phases in the pathway. The first is the oxidative phase, in which NADPH is generated, and the second is the non-oxidative synthesis of 5-carbon sugars. This pathway is an alternative to glycolysis. While it does involve oxidation of glucose, its primary role is anabolic rather than catabolic. For most organisms it takes place in the cytosol; in plants most steps take place in plastids.
rate if it helped
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Negative-refraction materials, also called briefly as NIM's, or "left handed materials," LHM, or metamaterials, refract light in a way which is contrary to the normal "right handed" rules of electromagnetism. LHM researchers hope that the peculiar properties will lead to superior lenses, and might provide a chance to observe some kind of negative analog of other prominent optical phenomena, such as the Doppler shift and Cerenkov radiation. When the dielectric constant, eps, and magnetic permeability, mu, are both negative waves can still propagate in such a medium, since the product eps*mu remains positive. In this case, the refractive index in the Snell's law is negative, an incident wave experiences a negative refraction at an interface, and we have a backward wave for which the phase of the waves moves in the direction opposite to the direction of the energy flow.
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don't refer opagarwal 4 inorganic...........
use optondon or arihant buks
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itz a gud buk...............but i think arihants better............
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yes refer toi arihant buks or op tondon but after when u hav learnt frm NCERT buk..........
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The electron affinity, Eea, of an atom or molecule is the energy required to detach an electron from a singly charged negative ion, i.e., the energy change for the process
X- ? X + e?
An equivalent definition is the energy released (Einitial ? Efinal) when an electron is attached to a neutral atom or molecule. It should be noted that the sign convention for Eea is the opposite to most thermodynamic quantities: a positive electron affinity indicates that energy is released on going from atom to anion.
RAE if useful
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i will suggest op tondon or arihant but refer it after u hav done it frm NCERT
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ya i agree wid amit but bansal's Q if solved then it gives a gr8 edge over others..........
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happy independence day to everyone.............
sorry 4 late reply.............
I WILL KEEP WORKING 4 THE NATION THE DAY I DIE
DAY NOT FAR WHEN WE SURPASS EVERYONE IN EACH FIELD
LUV INDIA JAI HIND
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Resistors, like diodes and relays, are another of the electronic parts that should have a section in the installer's parts bin. They have become a necessity for the mobile electronics installer, whether it be for door locks, praking lights, timing circuits, remote starts, LED's, or just to discharge a stiffening capacitor.
Resistors "resist" the flow of electrical current. The higher the value of resistance (measured in ohms) the lower the current will be.
Resistors are color coded. To read the color code of a common 4 band 1K ohm resistor with a 5% tolerance, start at the opposite side of the GOLD tolerance band and read from left to right. Write down the corresponding number from the color chart below for the 1st color band (BROWN). To the right of that number, write the corresponding number for the 2nd band (BLACK) . Now multiply that number (you should have 10) by the corresponding multiplier number of the 3rd band (RED)(100). Your answer will be 1000 or 1K. It's that easy.
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ya hcverma is gud in clearing concept 4 more problems refer arihant
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ya itz like tat......
but no matter wat u need is to master mechanics itz a major part of every exam.................n it will help u later too
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