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Compare and contrast cellular and non-cellular life forms in terms of their structure

and physiological mechanisms.

Using the two electrode reactions given below, and using the tabulated Eθ, determine the correct balanced cell reaction equation. Then calculate the cell potential, Ecellθ and hence calculate ΔGθ for the cell reaction. Identify the cathode and anode of the cell.

Mn2+(aq) + 2e-<--->Mn(s)

and

VO2+(aq)+2H=(aq)+ e <--->V3+(aq)+H2O(1)

Calculate the pH of a buffer solution prepared from methanoic acid to give 0.05 mol dm-3 methanoic acid and 0.001 mol dm-3 sodium methanoate. For methanoic acid pKa=3.75.

Chemistry

In an experiment to determine an ethalpy change calorimetrically, 125.0 cm3 of 0.25 mol dm-3 CsOH were mixed with 50.0cm3 of 0.75 mol dm-3 HF in a coffee cup calorimeter. The initial temperatures of both solutions were 21.50 °C and the final temperature of the mixed solutions was 24.40 °C. Assume all solution have a density of 1.0g cm-3 and a specific heat capacity of 4.2 J g-1 °C-1

The equation for the reaction is

CsOH(aq)+HF)aq)→CsF(aq)+H2O(1)

Identify the limiting reagent and determine its amount.

Calculate the temperature change resulting from the reaction.

Calculate the total mass of the solutions and hence determine the heat energy change of the calorimeter contents, q. Hence determine the enthalpy change for the experimental amount of reaction, Δh.

Calculate the enthalpy change for the reaction, ΔH, in kJ mol-1

Describe with examples the layers of organisation in humans.

Savinase

Temp oC	Time (Mins) to image disappearance
20	40 mins 50 secs
33	28 mins 20 secs
40	15 mins 40 secs
60	25 mins 30 secs

Alcalase

Temp oC	Time (Mins) to image disappearance
20	12 mins 40 secs
33	8 min 10 secs
40	6 mins 15 secs
60	4 mins 20 secs

Brand X

Temp oC	Time (Mins) to image disappearance
60	RT 40 mins 60oc 13 mins 20 secs

1. From your results what would be your recommendations with respect to the inclusion of Savinase and Alcalase for hot wash and cool wash detergents?

2. For which wash temperature was commercial washing powder (Brand X) designed? What would your expectations be (ie what is the effect on the enzymes) if the detergent was not used at this temperature?

Write out the full electron configurations and the valence electron Lewis structure and orbital box occupation for the following simple particles Mg, Na+, S2-, Ar