Surely all vinylic halides do not undergo substitution. So addition is answer.

Probably,

CH2=CH-Br + H2O --> CH3-CH(Br)-OH

Protect the aldehyde using glycol(converted into acetal).

Then reduce using LiAlH4 and finally hydrolyse to get the product.

Generally regioselective and stereoselective reactions are same, i.e. A reaction in which a reactant gives 1 compound in higher yield than the other. If the product is a stereoisomer then it is stereoselective and if it is not then regioselective reaction.(E.g.:-Markownikoff addition to propene is regioselective and to styrene is stereoselective)

 

In a stereospecific reaction one stereoisomer will give another stereoisomer in higher yield(e.g.:- ANTI addition of Br2 on cis-2-butene). Whereas in regiospecific reactions the product is not chiral.

Pyridine>thiophene>pyrrole>furan

 

Pyridine is obviously most arromatic because it directly has 6pi electrons and the arromaticity is increased by the hetero atom.

 

For the last three we need to decide upon the ease in which the lone pair is donated towards reasonance. So thiophene>pyrrole>furan.

Markownikoff rule is w.r.t. to electrophilic substitution whereas

SAYTZEFF RULE is w.r.t. to elimination

+ and - refer to the sign of rotation d- or l-

 

D- and L- refer to the position(left or right) of -OH or -NH2 on the last chiral carbon.

There are compounds which are D(-) and those which are L(+)

200% correct koni. U r really good.

 

By the way sandeep I am right only the 4th question is 1/e.