www.bitsexam.com

SEE, FOR ANY ALUE OF x(ABSCISSA) IN F(X), WE GET A VALUE FOR Y. X VALUES START FROM 5 ONLY BECOZ, FOR X<5, WE GET F(X)=Y=UNDERROOT OF A NEGATIVE NUMBERS, WHICH IS NOT POSSIBLE. SO DOMAIN OF F IS [5,INFINITY)
SO WE HAVE INFINITE VALUES OF X, Y -VALUE IS DEPENDENT ON X.! SO WE GET INFINITE VALUES OF Y!
HOPE U UNDERSTOOD.

BUDDY, PLZ RATE ME YAAR.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverse_relation
SEE THIS SITE. ITS NICE.
PLZ RATE ME YAAR.

HAI::

Functional isomers are structural isomers that have the same molecular formula (that is, the same number of atoms of the same elements), but the atoms are connected together in different ways so that the groupings are dissimilar. These groups of atoms are called functional groups, functionalities, or moieties.

Another way to say this is that two compounds with the same molecular formula, but different functional groups, are functional isomers.

For two molecules to be functional isomers, they must contain key groups of atoms arranged in particular ways. Some of the best examples come from organic chemistry. C2H6O is a molecular formula. Depending on how the atoms are arranged, it can represent two different compounds:

dimethyl ether CH3-O-CH3
ethanol CH3CH2-O-H
Dimethyl ether and ethanol are functional isomers. The first is an ether. The carbon chain-oxygen-carbon chain functionality is called an ether. The second is an alcohol. The carbon chain-oxygen-hydrogen functionality is called an alcohol.

If the functionalities stay the same, but their locations change, the structural isomers are not functional isomers. 1-Propanol and 2-propanol are structural isomers, but they are not functional isomers. Both of them are alcohols.

1-propanol CH3CH2CH2OH
2-propanol CH3CH(OH)CH3
The functional group (carbon chain-O-H) is present in both of these compounds, but they are not the same.

While some chemists use the terms structural isomer and functional isomer interchangeably, not all structural isomers are functional isomers.

Some examples of functional groups are given below. R represents any carbon chain. When R appears more than once in a formula, it does not mean the two carbon chains are required to be identical.

alcohol ROH
aldehyde RC(O)H
amide R-C(O)-NH2
amine NX3 (X = H or R, but not all H)
carboxylic acid RCO2H
disulfide R-S-S-R
ester R-C(O)-OR
ether R-O-R
halide R-X (X = F, Cl, Br, or I)
ketone R-C(O)-R
imine X2-C=NX (X = H or R)
mercaptan R-S-H
nitrile R-CN
phenyl C6H5-R
sulfonic acid R-SO3H
Functional isomers are most often identified in chemistry using infrared spectroscopy. Infrared radiation corresponds to the energies associated primarily with molecular vibration. The alcohol functionality has a very distinct vibration called OH-stretch that is due to hydrogen bonding. All alcohols in liquid and solid form absorb infrared radiation at certain wavelengths.

Compounds with the same functional groups will all absorb certain wavelengths of infrared light because of the vibrations associated with those groups. In fact, the infrared spectrum is divided into two regions. The first part is called the functional group region. Dimethyl ether and ethanol would have dissimilar infrared spectra in the functional group region.

The second part of the infrared spectrum is called the fingerprint region; it is associated with types of motion allowed by the symmetry of the molecule and influenced by the bond energies. The fingerprint region is more specific to an individual compound. Even though 1-propanol and 2-propanol have similar infrared spectra in the functional group region, they differ in the fingerprint region.

In simple terms, Functional isomers are structural isomers that have different functional groups like alcohol and ether

PLZ RATE ME!!

HERE IS THE NOTES:

The E1cB reaction mechanism.The E1cB elimination reaction is a special type of elimination reaction in organic chemistry. This reaction mechanism explains the formation of alkenes from (mostly) alkyl halides through a carbanion intermediate given specified reaction conditions and specified substrates. The abbreviation stands for E limination conjugate Base. The reaction takes place around a sp3 - sp3 carbon to carbon covalent bond with an ?-acidic hydrogen atom substituent and a ?-leaving group. This leaving group can be a halide or a sulfonic acid ester such as a tosyl group. A strong base abstracts the ? proton generating a carbanion. The electron pair then expels the leaving group and the double bond is formed. When the first step to the carbanion is slow and the second step fast the reaction is irreversible and named (E1cB)i. When the first step is fast and the deprotonation reversible then the reaction mechanism is (E1cB)r. In the (E1cB)anion variation the carbanion is especially stable with a rapid first step and a slow second step.

The E1cB reaction mechanism. Dehydration of 1-methyl-2-(2-fluoroethyl)pyridinium iodide).A named reaction displaying E1cB elimination mechanism is the Boord olefin synthesis.

Being able to distinguish between different elimination reaction mechanisms (E2, E1, E1cB) is often difficult and involves the study of chemical kinetics, kinetic isotope effects, substituent effects and computational chemistry. The dehydration of 1-methyl-2-(2-fluoroethyl)pyridinium iodide by the hydroxide ion in water is an example of a 2-step E1cB reaction because the carbanion is stabilized by the resonance effect with the enamine.[1] Computational chemistry predicts that the carbanion in this example is stabilized by only 2.8 kcal/mol (11.7 kJ/mol) and only when solvation of all the chemical species with water is taken into account. The same fluoride substrate but as a free pyridine does not have this stabilization and the reaction proceeds by a concerted one-step E2 reaction mechanism. When the leaving group in the methylated pyridine compound is chlorine instead of fluoride the reaction mechanism is also E2 because now the carbon to chloride bond is too weak.

ELSE, TAKE THE SITE:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E1cB_elimination_reaction
PLZ RATE ME.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_%28molecule%29 - FOR STRUCTURE AND PROTERTIES OF H2O
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen_sulphide -FOR H2S

APART FROM MORRISON..... , ARIHANT-R.K.GUPTA IS ALSO TOO GOOD AND SIMPLE, READER FRIENDLY. I STRONGLY PREFER IT.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thiamine
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrophosphate
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyridoxal_phosphate
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NADH
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NADPH

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FMN_reductase
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FMN_adenylyltransferase
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FMN_riboswitch_%28RFN_element%29

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FAD
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemocyanin

HAI, IVE GOT TESE MUCH INFORMATION FOR U. SORRY, I COULD'N GET THE NOTES FOR THE REST.
PLZ RATE ME.

Hello, here is a site for referrin to the concept of capacitors, etc., if needed.

http://www.interq.or.jp/japan/se-inoue/e_elect.htm

thanx for ur suggestion pranay, that will be useful to the community.!

PLZ READ THIS PATIENTLY, THIS MIGHT PROVE TO BE USEFUL TO MANY OF U

Stress in the workplace has taken off as a main complaint around the world. There are many different reasons for this. Because of its importance in the context of stress generally, I have decided to write this article to help you deal with stress at work. I have a particular interest in it anyway, because of my work in coaching business people.

Let me say from the outset that it is impossible to teach people to overcome stress completely in a single article. However, it is helpful in itself for people to be aware of the dangers of stress and to take minor steps to reduce its impact. On the other hand, it will not help you at all if you fail to take it on board and make the advice it contains part of your life. I urge you to take this article seriously.

Clarify your role: This may sound obvious, but a great deal of unnecessary stress is caused to people at work because they have not taken the time to find out how best to do their jobs. Stress in the workplace has taken off as a main complaint around the world. There are many different reasons for this. Because of its importance in the context of stress generally, I have decided to write this article to help you deal with stress at work. I have a particular interest in it anyway, because of my work in coaching business people.

Make sure you know the purpose of what you do, in relation to other processes in your place of work. Know where you fit in the grand scheme of things. Then check with your boss or line manager that your thinking is right. Note if he or she says something different. Use the opportunity to ask what your priority tasks should be in cases where you have too little time to deal with every outstanding matter.

Make lists: Help yourself to do a better job by preparing a list of things to do in the course of each day. Make preparing it your first job, or the last of the previous day. Then make a note of the priority of each task on the list. A good plan is to find the most important and put a figure “1” by it. Then look for the next most important and mark it “2”, and so on.

If you run out of time and have some items left on your list at the end of the day, simply carry them forward to the next day’s list.

Take a break: When I worked as a lawyer, I recall abandoning the time that was taken by everyone in the office for a mid-morning break. It was a very bad move on my part. Just as we need time to recover physically from physical work, so we need time to recover from mental work.

Eat away from your desk or work bench: Make a point of taking your lunch away from where you work. A change of scenery (however uninspiring it may be) will enhance the benefit of the break that lunch involves. Whatever happens, never eat while you are still working.

Resist offers of tea or coffee: Tea, coffee and Coke drinks contain caffeine, and should be avoided at work, unless you so enjoy your work that stress is not an issue. (In that case, why are you reading this article?) Avoid drinking soft drinks containing sugar or artificial sweeteners too. Plain water, preferably warmed, is best for you if you suffer from stress.

Turn off the music: Provided you are not going to cause a riot from other workers, turn off any music occasionally. Restful music can be relaxing, but a good deal of music is far from relaxing. Moreover, small loudspeakers and low quality reproduction equipment can distort sound so much that it becomes stressful. Learn to appreciate the peace that relative silence brings when music is turned off.

Communicate: It is good to talk to others when you are feeling under pressure, but try not to speak in negative terms to them. Make a joke of things and keep the conversation light.

Achieve Balance: Learn to say no to offers of overtime, if it will interfere with quality time with your family. For the same reason, resist the temptation to work at weekends if you can. Balance your priorities. Earning enough to pay the bills is important, but not as important as investing time in your family.

Meditate: When things get too much for you, try to take yourself to somewhere quiet and do some meditation. This may save you a migraine headache later. In any case, it is good proactive practice to aim to do some meditation (5 to 20 minutes) each day, probably at home. This will provide you with a kind of protective cushion during the next 24 hours.

There are many ways to meditate, but here is a very easy way to do it, and this one is just like worrying, but without the worry. You know how, when you worry, you tend to keep saying or thinking the same thing to yourself over and over again? Well that is exactly what you do in this meditation.

Practise it once or twice a day. Good times are before breakfast and before dinner.

a. Sit quietly in a comfortable position. It is best to put your feet flat on the floor and have your hands resting on your lap, palms upwards.

b. Shut your eyes.

c. Relax your muscles progressively starting with your head and face and moving down to your feet, finally tensing the whole of your body and then relaxing everything at once.

d. Ensure that you are breathing slowly and evenly.

e. Begin saying the word, “one” to yourself silently every time you breathe out.

f. Consciously exclude all thoughts. If an idea begins to intrude into your mind, chase if off gently and dismiss it. Concentrate on your breathing and on the word, “one”.

g. Do this for up to 20 minutes. Time will seem to pass quickly once you are meditating properly so it is best to set an alarm to warn you when time is up.

h. When the time is up, continue sitting, eyes closed, for a minute or two, allowing your thoughts to return in their own time. Then open your eyes and remain seated for another minute before rising.

Keep a Stress Diary: It is both useful for future prevention of stress, and therapeutic in itself, to maintain a diary of stressful events at work. You should aim to make an entry every hour or so, and whenever something happens to stress you seriously. Record how you feel at the time of the entry, the time of the entry, what has happened to upset you and how you dealt with it.

THANX FOR READING THIS PATIENTLY!!

There is an old saying that I grew up with which is "Adversity builds character." Now there is a commercial on TV that says it isn't the adversity that builds the character, it is how we deal with it that builds character. Either way you slice it, adversity not only builds character, but can lead to feelings of discouragement. Feeling discouraged at times is human nature, letting those feelings overcome you and rule your life is not healthy. There are things that you can do to over come those feelings of discouragement and beat the tough issues that are facing you.

It is important then to NOT let these negative feelings, this discouragement rule our everyday lives. We must take back control. We must be responsible for our lives and what is happening in them. YOU feel the way you do because YOU WANT to. Yes, that is right. You are feeling sad and discouraged and down trodden because right now, that is how you want to feel. Because if you didn't you wouldn't be. It is time for you to realize that you have the power and the control over your thoughts and emotions.

Yes, there are times when this is difficult. If life was easy what fun would it be? We must be faced with challenges, for they give us the opportunity to grow. Once you stop growing you have stopped living. Do you give up, or do you dust yourself off and try again.

I would like to think the latter is your answer. How many tries did it take for you to ride a bike with out training wheels? How long before you could not only climb up the tree, but get out without screaming for help. That one I had to learn fast, because my dad's response was always, "You got up there now how are you getting down?"

So I ask you now, you fell down so how are you going to get back up? I am going to help you a little here by offering you a few steps you can follow so that once you get up from this fall, you may never fall again.

The first step is for you to become self aware. By this I mean that you need to know why you are feeling the way you are, the cause and how you can to stop it. I already told you the feelings of discouragement that you are battling right now you have because you want them. It is easier to give up and feel sorry for ourselves then to realize that we can change it. Acceptance is passive, requires less energy. You need to rebel and fight those feelings. Once you over come them or stop them, you will be amazed at the energy you have.

Now, step two is taking responsibility. Am I telling you that it is your fault that you failed? No. I am telling you that you are letting this setback rule the rest of your life. Everyday is a new day, filled with new opportunities to help you make life better. Are you going to throw all of those away because of what happened yesterday? Oh, wait, don't try to tell me that it wasn't only yesterday; your whole life has been one setback after another. That is because you believed that is what your life was supposed to be so you let it be.

I'd like you to look back at all of the good in your life, no matter how small it seems, and make a quick little list. Got it, now look out into the world, or up into the sky and say "Thank you, I am grateful for what I have." I want you to say that five times a day after you go over the list of things that you have to be happy for.

After five days of doing this, I now want you to make a list of what you want. Be precise, don't say "I want the promotion," say exactly what you want. "I want to be the VP of the company." Don't say "I want to be free of debt," instead say "I want to have enough money." You can go as far as saying a dollar amount. Make sure that on this list you include that fact that "I am strong" and "I am in control." Now on top of being grateful five times a day everyday, spend 15 minutes in the morning, before getting out of bed thinking about the list of things that you want.

If you follow these simple steps, you will overcome discouragement. You will not only feel encouraged, you will feel in charge and happy and satisfied with all in your life. The stress will be less, the joys will be more. You just need to follow those steps each day.

Bitsat

BITSAT is an entrance test for getting admission into one of the campuses of the prestigious Birla Institute of Technology and Science(BITS-Pilani).BITS has campuses at Pilani,Goa and in Dubai.Starting this year BITS is also taking students into its newly established BITS Hyderabad Campus.Around 1,16,000 students are going to take BITSAT-2008 and only 2000(<2%) of them are going to be selected.

BITSAT is the first complete online based admission procedure for any undergraduate course.These online tests are conducted at seventeen centers in India, during the months of May and June every year.

More about Bitsat

For BITS Pilani merit is the sole criterion and the aspiring candidates are required to have a minimum aggregate of 80% in Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics in the 12th examination with at least 60% marks in each of the subjects. Board toppers can apply for direct admissions also.

BITSAT is a 3 hour duration test offered to candidates on computers at dedicated computer centres at different cities spread across India. The test has objective type (multiple choice) questions only.

To further the cause of women education, BITS Pilani has shown a special gesture by making the BITSAT application fee for girl candidates as Rs 400/- only instead of Rs 800/-. In addition, the Institute will try its best to accommodate all girl candidates at their first preference of test centre for appearing in BITSAT.

Question paper pattern

Bitsat is a 3 hours examination consisting of 150 questions which includes 45 from Mathematics,40 from Physics,40 from Chemistry and 25 from English and Logical Reasoning.

Starting BITSAT-2008 people from Biology stream(BiPC) can also take part in Bitsat and they have an option to choose biology(with 45 questions) instead of mathematics.

P.S:They will be given admissions into M.Sc.Biology or B.Pharmacy

Free Bitsat papers by Bitsexam

There are many sites claiming to be best for bitsat preparation but none of them give it for free. One of the sites that gives free bitsat online simulation tests,free bitsat sample papers is Bitsexam - www.bitsexam.com .