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Hey first of all dont mug up anything in any of Ur subject. It makes it even more difficult. And as far as as reactions are concerned see there are basically 6 type of reactions and a few mechanisms which U wud come through when U are learning the basics. And please whatever U do dont mug up the reactions and rather understand the reactions thoroughly and if there is any problem U can always come back to goiit and get help.
Cheers!!!!!!!!
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Hey well if U follow my suggestions first of all take the thought outta your mind that organic is difficult. rather i would say it is very interesting but if and only of Ur basics are clear. So first study the basics from some good books(not the high level books). I wud suggest go for OP tondon Organic Chemistry and read the types of reactions, reagents and all that stuff. then go for Ur regular chapters be it for the school or for the engineering prep.
Cheers!!!!!!!!!!!
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Hey its very easy and simple.
The four valences of the carbon atom act in the directions that connect the center of a sphere with the corners of a tetrahedron and that form an angle of 109 28? with each other. The direction of the attraction can experience a deviation that will, however, cause an increase in strain correlating with the degree of this deviation.
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See by polarity we mean that what is the charge on the most electopositive atomic species in a compound( its just a layman's rule and should not be confused with the basic definition of polarity). As we know water is the most polar molecule so it comes first. Now obviously OH is more electronegative (and hence shows more inductive effect) so alcohol comes next and after that comes the acid.
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See to be more precise mythbuster it is basically related to the hybridization of the central carbon atom in the subsequent hydrocarbon and iso as well as neo and all these are the structural isomers in case of any hydrocarbon be it alkyl halides or alkanes.
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As answred correctly by others above I would summarize and say that as HI bond breaks then an unstable diplole is formed in the form of I -ve amd H+ve.Hence Iodide ions react with each other to form Iodine which reduces te rate of reaction so generally heterolytic clevage doensnt take place.
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Haloalkanes are insoluble in water because as we all know for solubility,the compound has to form bonds with water molecule and as the bond between halogen and alkane in haloalkanes is polarised,the bond formation with water molecules is not possible and so they are insoluble.
(the bond here means hydrogen bond s which attribute mainly to the solubility of a substance in water)
Cheers!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!11
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See by this answer U R frightening the person above U.Well Ur answer is perfect but U should be a little bit straight.
Now for the answer see the basic thing is that wherever U see the question of stabilization blind eyed U check for the resonance structures.More is the stabilization of teh product more is the probability of its formation.
Cheers!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
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Neon doesnt arrive anywhere be it on any scale.And F is the most electronegative atom.
Cheers!!!!!!!!
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Wel the easiest definition is the nucleophile that can attack the substrate through two dofferent sites like in case of KCN,CN- is the nucleophile and in case of AgCN,NC- is the nucleophile and similar is with the cases mentioned above.
Now the basic FUNDA is that in case of KCN the bond between K and is ionic so the cleavage of bond can occur through either K-C or C-N but since C-C bond is stronger than C-n(Same electronegativities) so cleavage occurs from K-CN ste and in case of AgCN the bong between Ag and CN os covalent so only nitrogen is available for attack and so NC- is generated.
Cheers!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
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Hey dude I think U have a little doubt or misconception over here.R S method is just another way to represent the configuration.Basically the configuration changes from dextro to laevo.
Cheers!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
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Now for polar aprotic solvents the solution becomes slightly basic due to non availability of free protons so in this case generally we use an acidic nucleophile and as told earlier the relation is not as such affected.Just opposite the case with protic solvents for which we use acidic nucleophiles.
Cheers!!!!!!!!!!!!!
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Hey see there is no such rule or prescribed relationship but in many cases it is observed that a better leaving group has high nucleophicity and basicity.Now it is not essential that nucleophile is always highly basic and that it can be acidic also(as in case of CH3COO-) so in general we cannot conclude anything about basicity but yes better is the leaving group,higher is the nucleophicity
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Well see hydrogen bonds are formed between Hydrogen atoms and F,O,N atoms.These can belong to the same compound or to different compounds.This all was for Ur understanding.
Now theoratically if hydrogen bond is formed or binds two differnt speices then they are said to be inermolicularly hydrogen bond or if the hydrogen bond is formed between hydrogen and another atom belonging to the same speices then it is called intramolecular H bonding.Example of Intramolecular H bonding is o-nitrophenol where H bond is formed between Hydrogen of phemolic group present on benzene ring and nitrogen of nitro group present on the o- position.Example of Intermolecular H bonding is p-nitrophenol.
It is also interesting to know that formation of intra molecular H bonding makes the compound steam volatile but in case of intermolecular H bonding this is not the case.
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See in SN1 reactions as we all know elimination of proton or any other leaving group takes place hence forming a carbocation.So more stable is the carbocation more will be the direction of equilibrium towards the prdouct side and hence more easily the SN1 reaction will take place.So the order is
Allyl>Benzyl>3>2>1>methyl
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Well no study tops in particular.I will suggest U to start from basics and please do not cram.Just tru to understand topics by heart.For the beginning I will instead of suggesting high level books such is Morrison and boyd or sollommon I will suggest U should buy OP Tondon.
Cheers!!!!!!!!!
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main rules are inductive effect and resonance effect and hyperconjugation.
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vapour phase nitration means heating the vapours of an hydrocarbon at 400 degree celcius with NO2.
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Vriti Edustore
