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Community shelf Community shelf -> prepare well for xams..... -> Go to message
This Post 20 points    (Olaaa!! Perrrfect answer.   in 4 votes )   [?]
3 replies   



HOW TO PREPARE FOR XAMS, BOTH AT COLLEGE, AND OUTSIDE.......


Before entering college, we have big dreams about it…we expect it to be a place of fun and excitement, where we can cut classes as per our wish, watch numerous movies with friends, where we can sharpen our talents and become an expert in the field of our liking, etc. But a few months down the line, we are fully baffled by what all is taking place around us: Numerous assignments and class tests, frequent university exams, practicals, projects, etc., etc., etc. We find everyone (except us) doing everything promptly; we find ourselves lost at times and sometimes even thoroughly frustrated. We find it hard to balance our ‘life of fun and excitement’ and our ‘life filled with exams and assignments.’ What I am penning down here are a few tips which can help you to spice up your campus life, and at the same time, get decent grades.



  1. Consistency and perseverance: Since time immemorial, only consistent people have succeeded. Smartness, intelligence, and last-minute hard work are all secondary. Even if you don't prepare all that much on a daily basis, every little bit counts. You will notice that your grades are far higher than someone’s who studied much more than you during the eve before the exam but wasn’t consistent. So set aside a fixed amount of time daily (the amount of time you will have to dedicate each day depends on your requirements). If you only want to pass, you may dedicate less time (like half an hour or so daily), but if you are aiming for super-high grades, you may spend 3 or 4 hours daily going through your books and getting any misunderstandings, however silly they may be, clarified immediately, either from friends or teachers or anyone whom you think is worth asking. A lack of understanding can spread and even spoil the things you have studied properly, so get your questions cleared up as soon as possible. Once you have understood a chapter without much ambiguity, you will be able to complete a test well, even without last-minute preparations.

  2. Review: This is an area which most of us hate to the core and something we rarely do. We find it ‘boring’ or ‘sleepy’ to go through what we have studied earlier again. To really appreciate the need for review, we need to understand the nature of our brain. It’s actually like dynamic RAM--it needs periodic refreshment to retain the contents! So revise important formulae, definitions, concepts quite often. This will help you to remember them much better than trying to bone up on them on the eve of the exam. Also, many formulae that you learn in the initial stages are very important for future studies. If you learn all these formulae and concepts just before the exam, chances are that you will never remember them in the future. So review often, not for long ‘boring’ hours but for a few minutes every day. BELIEVE me, review helps a lot during exam times as well as for the future…I have had umpteen number of personal experiences in the past regarding this.

  3. Don’t take tests too seriously: This may be something you find contradictory to the conventional advice of ‘take all the tests and assignments very seriously and work very hard for them.’ See to it that you have covered the required syllabus. If you take tests too seriously, you will end up having no time for fun and you will tense up due to the anxiety of facing the exams. You can prepare for university exams thoroughly during the study leave…provided you have approximate ideas of all the required subjects and have a good understanding of them. Tests are held so that you go through the lessons at least once before the main exams and clear your doubts so that exam preparations can progress smoothly during study leaves.

  4. What to do if you hate a subject to the core?: Usually, we choose subjects of our interest to do at college….yet most of us will find one or more subjects very dry and boring. Additionally, recurring low marks that we get in these subjects make us hate the subject even more! What you need to do in such a situation is make an analysis of the subject, see what all types of questions are generally asked in the exams and prepare so that you can somehow pass the exam rather than going too deep into the subject.

  5. Diplomacy and perception: I have always felt college life needs much more diplomacy than school life. At school, your mistakes and lack of responsibility were shouted at often, but teachers never expect maturity and diplomacy from students and such misbehaviors are usually forgotten soon. But at college, professors and lecturers treat you as equals and expect you to be diplomatic and responsible. If a teacher finds you unimpressive or misbehaving, this impression remains with him forever. As such, there is an increased risk of losing more marks in assignments, tests and internals just due to the prejudice in the teacher's mind. Remember college isn’t like school; you need a lot of cooperation from staff to succeed since a lot of marks are in their hands. No teacher will hate you because you are weak in a subject; they will only sympathize and help you more. Bitter relationships begin when they feel that your attitude and conduct are not appropriate. Please, please don’t have bad relationships with any teacher/professor.

  6. Assignments: For me, assignments are nightmares. If the teacher to whom you have to submit is very strict and particular, you better submit it in time. I have found that many bad relations between teachers and students arise due to non-submission of assignments. Such an estranged relationship can affect your overall performance. If the teacher is a soft type, or of the kind ‘submit in time and I will give good grades or else you may lose out a few marks,’ you can give it a little less importance than the ‘strict, short-tempered' ones. But don’t neglect such teachers to the core…everything has a limit!

  7. Use pen and paper for numerical problems: I have only one thing to say about this…if the subject has numerical problems…like math or physics, DO the sums…I repeat DO the sums using pen and paper…reading through them is an UTTER WASTE of time! You may as well go for a movie rather than wasting time reading the numerical problems! Believe me, its true. You may, however, read through the formulae on the exam day (eve or morning) to just refresh your brain.

  8. Definitions and theorems should have the exact wording as in the original text: It is always advisable to write definitions, laws, hypothesis and theorems as they appear in the original text. Using your own wording often leads to an alteration in the meaning or omission of essential details. Try to memorize them, preferably by writing them down.

  9. Preparations as exams come close: The following points will help as the exam comes close and you are into your study leave.



  • Time management: Manage your time extremely well as it is crucial for good results. Maintain your consistency during leave also. Set precise day-to-day goals and a master plan as to how much you will have completed on the day just before the exam. There are numerous sites that offer time management tips for free…you can visit them for a deeper understanding of the importance of time management and efficient time management tips. Set aside the last day before the exams for revision alone…don’t try to learn anything new as it will only confuse you more. Go through everything that you have done throughout the semester once and brush up on important formulae and concepts.

  • Stress management: Stress is inversely proportional to the time left for the exam. What I don’t understand is why stress out? Stress can 1) Reduce your efficiency up to 50%. 2) Lower your confidence and test-taking ability. 3) Cause ulcers and shorten life. We aren’t very keen in achieving any of these three (maybe even more) things…so be stress-free. After all, all great scientists, businessmen, celebrities weren’t high scorers (many of them flunked quite often also…), but don’t take this as an excuse for not preparing. An easier way to succeed is to prepare well rather than learning things the hard way. So feel relaxed and calm. Don’t study all day through…keep aside some time for play and fun. All work and no play make Jack a dull boy!

  • Previous question papers analysis: This is a marvelous way of scoring marks. Collect and analyze previous years' question papers and study accordingly Even my friends who haven’t understood the subject matter well manage great grades by just learning according to the previous years' patterns. There may, however, be surprises if you rely on this mode alone, as the university may alter the style of questioning, but surprises are few.

  •  

  • Last but not the least, ‘How to write the exam well.' Very few things can improve your grades easily. They are clarity, good presentation, time management (again!!) during exam sessions, explanation with diagrams and graphs rather than paragraphs of theory, and writing answers you know properly first and not wasting too much time on any questions which are confusing.


The above-mentioned points can easily be made practical and you will find that you need to actually spend less time with books if you are consistent and review often. The rest of the time is yours! Do things that you like (some geeks like to study then also…no probs, go ahead!), things that you always have dreamt of doing at campus and live the life of your dreams at marvelous college


 


 


if useful,, plz rate this!


Catalogs Discussion Forums -> Physical Chemistry -> do you have a trick -> Go to message
This Post 0 points    (Olaaa!! Perrrfect answer.   in 0 votes )   [?]
4 replies   
nd helloo.......
plz refer the given site for detailed notes of nuclear chemistry.
http://library.thinkquest.org/10429/low/nuclear/nuclear.htm

rate me if i was of some sense to u.

bye, take care.....keep rocking....
Catalogs Discussion Forums -> Physical Chemistry -> do you have a trick -> Go to message
This Post 0 points    (Olaaa!! Perrrfect answer.   in 0 votes )   [?]
4 replies   
nd helloo.......
plz refer the given site for detailed notes of nuclear chemistry.
http://library.thinkquest.org/10429/low/nuclear/nuclear.htm

rate me if i was of some sense to u.

bye, take care.....keep rocking....
Catalogs Discussion Forums -> Physical Chemistry -> do you have a trick -> Go to message
This Post 0 points    (Olaaa!! Perrrfect answer.   in 0 votes )   [?]
4 replies   
look frend,shortcuts are not helpful to you always......
digestion of concept is all u require. nuclear chem. , ull mostly be tested in sums related to half life, no .of particles emitted, and direct conceptual theory questions.

all together,there are hardly 10 basic formulae in the chapter, look out and note thm down on paper, and make sure that u revise them at leest once a day and if possible, do only one sum on each of the ten formulae. do this for only 5 dayz, nd look, ull be rocking radioactivity.
Community shelf Community shelf -> 10 SMALL TIPS TO CRACK A TOUGH EXAMINATION -> Go to message
This Post 0 points    (Olaaa!! Perrrfect answer.   in 0 votes )   [?]
47 replies   
gud attitude nd thinkin. all da best.
reasonably useful stuff
Community shelf Community shelf -> simple tips to improve concentration -> Go to message
This Post 10 points    (Olaaa!! Perrrfect answer.   in 2 votes )   [?]
0 replies   

Regain Your Brain: Little Known Ways to Increase Memory and Concentration- just, some related information!............



By Dr. Scott Olson


Has this ever happened to you? Minutes ago, you were introduced to a few new people. You shook their hands and started a conversation. Now you are standing there, half paying attention to the conversation, trying to remember their names. Or maybe you’ve lost your keys for the fifth time this week. Or you maybe you struggle to say focused in meetings or have a hard time understanding directions.



These situations can happen to anyone at any age. If these lapses in memory and concentration seem to be happening to you more often lately, then you need some help.



While many people think you are just stuck with the brain you have, there is actually a lot that you can do to improve you memory and concentration. A combination of memory strategies, exercise, and proper nutrition can go a long way to removing that fuzzy-brain feeling (which can be brain fog).

Stress


Does stress play a role in memory and concentration? The answer to that question is yes. Stress actually improves memory at first, but chronic, long-term stress makes memory and concentration worse.



When you are under stress for a short period of time, your memory and concentration actually increases. Think about a zebra eating grass in a field. When a lion comes running through the grass, the zebra’s body releases all sort of chemicals that helps it get away. Some of these chemicals go to the brain and increase the zebra’s ability to concentrate and escape the lion.



The problem that humans have that zebras don’t is that we are under constant stress. Our days are full of lions running at us through the grass, only the lions come in the form of money worries, work or family problems, or just piloting a car through morning traffic. This constant stress we are under actually damages the part of the brain, called the hippocampus that is responsible for short-term memory[1]. Recent studies have shown that stress impacts other parts of the brain also having to do with memory and concentration[2].

Other Memory Zappers


The modern world places such demands on our memory and concentration abilities, while at the same time robbing us of what our brains need to function well.

  • Poor nutrition: Poor nutrition means poor brains. Our brains need the proper nutrition in order to work well. Sugar, alcohol, and missing nutrients all lead to a sluggish brain.

  • Sleep: Lack of sleep also sends your brain into outer space. Memory, concentration, and reaction time all decrease when people don’t get enough sleep. This can happen even with a small amount of sleep loss.

  • Medications: Certain medications also reduce memory and concentration abilities. This can occur with over-the-counter medications as well as prescription medications. If you think that your memory problems may be caused by something you are taking, ask your doctor or a pharmacist.


How to Regain Your Brain


Your brain responds to changes in the environment. The best way to improve your memory and concentration is to try many different angles.

  • Challenge Your Self: Puzzles, games, chess, playing an instrument, and reading all help to improve your memory and thinking abilities. The old saying, “use it or lose it” applies to the brain.

  • Play to Your Strengths: Use memory tools that make sense to you to help you remember. Some people are good at remembering names, others remember numbers. You can’t remember everything. Sticky notes, lists, and always putting your keys in the same place help take the burden off your memory systems so that you can focus on what is important.

  • Practice Relaxation: Remember that stress plays a large role in memory. Relax using yoga, meditation, exercise and other techniques.

  • Exercise: As if there weren’t enough good reasons to get out and get your blood moving, exercise greatly improves mental performance by bringing oxygen and nutrients to your brain. Even a daily walk of 20 minutes or more can greatly improve mental function[3].

  • Eat Right: Make sure you get a good amount of “live nutrition”, lots of fruits and vegetables in your diet. Sugar gives you that false increase in brain function as it will cause you to crash later on. Keeping your blood sugar normal also improves mental performance.

  • Treat Chronic Conditions: Many chronic conditions can affect brain function. It's important to be aware of any conditions you may have, and to be actively pursuing a treatment plan.


Get the Right Nutrition


The best way to approach memory and concentration problems is to give the brain what it needs to function at its best. Many of these nutrients can be found in a good diet, but it is also necessary to supplement in order to get the best out of your brain.

  • EFA: Essential Fatty Acids (EFA) are, well… essential. Nerves, which make up most of the brain, are made of fats. If you put bad fats into your body, you have bad nerves and poor brain functioning. The best EFAs to take are in fish oil.

  • B-Vitamins: B vitamins are essential for so many functions in the body, and especially brain functioning. Choose well-made vitamins that are activated (use the active forms of the B’s) to better work in your body.

  • Ginkgo: Ginkgo is the best studied herb for improving mental performance. Ginkgo improves both memory and concentration.

  • Amino acids: Amino acids such as carnitine, tyrosine, and others have been shown to improve mental functioning and should be included in your memory-improvement program.


Improving your memory and concentration is not that hard, but does take some focus. Adding more fresh fruits and vegetables, getting some exercise, practicing relaxation and using the best supplements will make your memory problems something you can forget.

Catalogs Discussion Forums -> Thermal Physics -> The pressure of a gas changes linearli withe volume from 10kpa,200cc to 50kpa,50cc. -> Go to message
This Post 2 points    (Olaaa!! Perrrfect answer.   in 1 votes )   [?]
1 replies   

when pressure changes linearly as given in question, if a graph is plotted acc. to the given data, then a line segment with a negative slope is obtained. neways, least bothered bout the slope.

so, i) Work done by the process is equal to area enclosed by the graph, i.e. area of a trapezium.


area = 1/2*base(here, the differense in volume)*sum of parallel sides(here, sum of pressures.)


A= 1/2*(200-150)*10-6 *(10+50)*103


A=4.5 J  (answer)


 


ii) no heat is supplied or extracted, i.e. dQ=0


we know that dQ=dU+dW. when dQ is 0, then dU= - dW, i.e. dU=-4.5 J


 


 


 


plz rate my post ....

Catalogs Discussion Forums -> Organic Chemistry -> plz explain the formation of CO? -> Go to message
This Post 0 points    (Olaaa!! Perrrfect answer.   in 0 votes )   [?]
3 replies   
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_monoxide

look into the above link for complete details on CO.


plz rate me yaar.
Catalogs Discussion Forums -> Organic Chemistry -> What is Alumina? -> Go to message
This Post 0 points    (Olaaa!! Perrrfect answer.   in 0 votes )   [?]
4 replies   
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alumina
see the link above for the complete details abt alumina




plz rate me yaar.
Catalogs Discussion Forums -> Organic Chemistry -> hi frnds this is shivam -> Go to message
This Post 5 points    (Olaaa!! Perrrfect answer.   in 1 votes )   [?]
5 replies   
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrophile
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleophile


plz rate me yaar
Catalogs Discussion Forums -> Organic Chemistry -> urgent pls frnds solve it -> Go to message
This Post 0 points    (Olaaa!! Perrrfect answer.   in 0 votes )   [?]
2 replies   
http://library.thinkquest.org/19957/acidbase/arrheniousbody.html

see this site for arrhenius concept. see also thie below one for the same:
http://dl.clackamas.edu/ch105-04/arrheniu.htm

see this for ionic product
http://www.lsbu.ac.uk/water/ionis.html

see this for solubility product:
http://www.science.uwaterloo.ca/~cchieh/cact/c123/ksp.html





plz rate me yaar




Catalogs Discussion Forums -> Organic Chemistry -> hi frnds urgent pls tell me the answer -> Go to message
This Post 0 points    (Olaaa!! Perrrfect answer.   in 0 votes )   [?]
4 replies   

The concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution is very important for living things. This is because, since the hydrogen ions are positively charged they alter the charge environment of other molecules in solution. By putting different forces on the molecules, the molecules change shape from their normal shape. This is particularly important for proteins in solution because the shape of a protein is related to its function.



The concentration of hydrogen ions is commonly expressed in terms of the pH scale. Low pH corresponds to high hydrogen ion concentration and vice versa. A substance that when added to water increases the concentration of hydrogen ions(lowers the pH) is called an acid. A substance that reduces the concentration of hydrogen ions(raises the pH) is called a base. Finally some substances enable solutions to resist pH changes when an acid or base is added. Such substances are called buffers. Buffers are very important in helping organisms maintain a relatively constant pH.


 


WAIT..... LOOK INTO THIS ONE ALSO.....


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PH


try referring this site, this might be useful to u .


 


 


 


plz rate me yaar

 

Catalogs Discussion Forums -> Organic Chemistry -> Please refer good book for organic Chemistry fot IIT Jee preparation -> Go to message
This Post 5 points    (Olaaa!! Perrrfect answer.   in 1 votes )   [?]
7 replies   
hello frend

beleev me,you should get and pounce on one foreign author's book and one indian author's book for perfection in chemistry organic.
best indian dooks- OP tandon, Arihant R.K.Gupta(prefer an older version.)
best foreign books:- J D Lee, Morrison and Boyd.
beleev me, coz even im reading the same, im doing my 12th clas now.
all tha dest for ur career.


plz rate me
Catalogs Discussion Forums -> Organic Chemistry -> How can we find valencies of different elements -> Go to message
This Post 5 points    (Olaaa!! Perrrfect answer.   in 1 votes )   [?]
1 replies   

http://www.economicexpert.com/a/Valency.html

see this site for valencies of the 103 elements.

\



to find valency yourself, first u should know the atomic number.

consider carbon, whose atomic no. is 6,


draw the diagram of the carbon atom yourself.(hope u can)


then observe, it consists of two shells.the innershell consists of 2 electrons and the outermost shell consists of 4 electrons, hence the valency of carbon is 4-.


 


similarly, take oxygen, atomic no is 8, that means inner shell consists of 2 electrons and the outermost/valence shell consists of6 electons, we know, oxygen atom needs only two more electrons to camplete its octect., i.e. to attain stability, as the max. no of electrons that can fit into the outermost shell is 8, but oxygen  has only six.


instead of writing the valency as +6, we should write as -2.


+n means an atom can DONATE  the n electrons in its outermost shell, -n means it can still accept n electrons.


Here, oxygen ca accept n=2 electrons easily rather then donating 6 electrons, which is almost impossible.


so we write it as -2


 


tip: for any element, if the no.of electroms in valence shell is  less than or equal to four write the valency as +n, where n is the no.of electrons in the valence shell, if the no. of electrons in the valence shell exceeds 4, then write the valency as, -(8-n).


thats all.


 


 


 


PLZ RATE ME YAAR>

Community shelf Community shelf -> Boost up -> Go to message
This Post 0 points    (Olaaa!! Perrrfect answer.   in 0 votes )   [?]
1 replies   

he readers,  jus go to the site below and read the extracts, they might be useful to some off u. if not, plz ignore.


http://jamesallen.wwwhubs.com/tlt.html


 


DO NOT GET DEPRSSED IF U COULDNT GET  GOOD RESULTS....ITS LIFE'S GAME.....TRY AGAIN WITH HEART.....

 
 
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