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Ask iit jee aieee pet cbse icse state board experts Expert Question: Prove this: 2^sinx + 2^cosx > 2^(1-1/root2)
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haxor3945 (10)

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Prove this: 2^sinx + 2^cosx > 2^(1-1/root2)
    
iitkgp_bipin (6498)

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Applying AM >= GM for two numbers 2sinx and 2cosx


(2sinx + 2cosx) / 2 >= (2sinx.2cosx)1/2 


(2sinx + 2cosx) / 2 >= 2(sinx + cosx)/2


now sinx + cosx = {root(2)}.sin(pi/4 + x) >= -root(2)


so (sinx + cosx) / 2 >= -1/root(2)


2(sinx + cosx)/2 >= 2-1/root(2)


hence (2sinx + 2cosx) / 2 >= 2-1/root(2)


2sinx + 2cosx >= 2(2-1/root(2))


2sinx + 2cosx >= 21 - 1/root(2)


 


Bipin Kumar Dubey
Chemical Dept.
IIT Kharagpur

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edison (5140)

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To prove    2sinx+2cosx > 2(1-1/)


Let y = 2sinx+2cosx


Differentiating both the sides we obtain


dy/dx = Sin x . Cos x . 2sinx -1 - Cos x . Sin x . 2cosx - 1 


For maxima or minima


dy/dx = 0


or  Sin x . Cos x . 2sinx -1 - Cos x . Sin x . 2cosx - 1  = 0


or Sin x . Cos x . 2sinx -1 = Cos x . Sin x . 2cosx - 1 


or 2sinx -1 =  2cosx - 1 


or Sin x - 1= Cos x  - 1


or Sin x = Cos x


which is possible when x = pi / 4


or Sin x = Cos x  =1 / 


Thus for Sin x = Cos x  =1 / 


 y  =  2sinx+2cosx  = 2.21/


 This value is either maxima or minima, but second derivative test shows that it is minima,


(another way is that when x = 0, y = 3 which is greater than 2.21/  Hence later is minima)


Thus y  > or = 2.21/ > 2(1-1/)


Hence Proved


The Scientist does not study nature because it is useful; he studies it because he delights in it, & he delights in it because it is beautiful. If nature were not beautiful, it would not be worth knowing, life would not be worth living. Ofcourse I do not here speak of that beauty that strikes the senses, the beauty of qualities & appearances; not that I undervalue such beauty, far from it, but it has nothing to do with science; I mean that profounder beauty which comes from the harmoniuos order of the parts, & which a pure intelligence can grasp.
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edison (5140)

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Here I slightly edit the solution provided above


 To prove    y =2sinx+2cosx > 2(1-1/)


 Differentiating both the sides we obtain


dy/dx = Sin x . Cos x . 2sinx -1 - Cos x . Sin x . 2cosx - 1 


For maxima or minima


 dy/dx = 0


or  Sin x . Cos x . 2sinx -1 - Cos x . Sin x . 2cosx - 1  = 0


or Sin x . Cos x . 2sinx -1 = Cos x . Sin x . 2cosx - 1 


or 2sinx -1 =  2cosx - 1 


or Sin x - 1= Cos x  - 1


or Sin x = Cos x


which is possible when x = pi / 4, 3 pi / 4 


Second derivative test reveals that 3pi/ 4 is the point of minima where y  min =  2(1-1/)


 Also point of maxima is pi/ 4  and y max   =  2sinx+2cosx  = 2.21/


Thus y  > y min = 2(1-1/)


or  2sinx+2cosx  >2(1-1/)


The Scientist does not study nature because it is useful; he studies it because he delights in it, & he delights in it because it is beautiful. If nature were not beautiful, it would not be worth knowing, life would not be worth living. Ofcourse I do not here speak of that beauty that strikes the senses, the beauty of qualities & appearances; not that I undervalue such beauty, far from it, but it has nothing to do with science; I mean that profounder beauty which comes from the harmoniuos order of the parts, & which a pure intelligence can grasp.
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