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Hybridization is a hypotetical concept which we r using to explain experimental facts so we don't require central atom but in order to explain covalency or bond parameters we say that central atom is hybridised for e.g CH4 ,Here C forms 4 bonds but its cofiguration is 1s2 2s2 2p2 so it shud form only 2 bonds but it actually forms 4 bonds thus in order to explain covalency we talk about promotion of electron to higher orbitals during hybridisation giving conf as1s2 2s2 2px1 2py1 2pz1 i.e covalency of 4 2.In CH4 C forms bonds with H {s orbitals} using its p orbital[3] &s orbital[1] so 3 bonds shud be same in bond parameters like bond length or bond energy & 1 shud be diff but actually all bonds were same in all respects thus this was explained by hybridization b/w sp3 orbitals to form identical orbitals having identical energy &shape called as sp3 orbitals making all parameters of all the 4 bonds same
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hybridisation
