in simple meaning potential energy is negative of work done but scientific meaning is -ve of line integral of force.....well its significance in "IIT" physics is limited to mainly to that when we do work on a body it gets stored into it as potential energy unless if it isnt loss in some other form like kinetic energy or heat sound etc.......the potential energy increases when the body is brought close to earth from infinite distance because the absolute potential energy is defined as 0 at infinity......and in simpler terms work done is generally positive when you apply force against repulsion because the angle remains acute and work done is negative if you generally apply force against attractive forces.....hope this helps you a bit
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