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in long jump, u want the maximum distance to be covered. in terms of projectile motion, that is the range,, range depends on the horizontal component of velocity range = Ux X t where Ux is the horizontal velocity ( which does not change during projectile motion in XY plane) if horizontal velocity is max. distance covered will be max therefore they run a certain distance to gain a suitable velocity , and thus inertia, and this inertia propels his jump in the horizontal direction.
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