let at any instant the population is P.
so dP/dt = (2.5/100).P = P/40
so dP/P = dt/40
integrating both sides we get
log P = t/40 + c
let at t = 0 , P = Po
hence log Po = c
which gives us
log P = t/40 + log Po
log P/Po = t/40
now P = 2Po
putting above we get
log 2 = t/40
t = 40.log2 years........................ans.