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Bipin Dubey (13679)

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p-p multiple bonding is the sideways overlapping of p orbitals when p orbital of one atom overlaps with p orbital of another atom.

Catenation is the ability of a chemical element to form covalent bonds with itself, resulting in ring, chain and cage molecules. The element most well known for its catenation is carbon.Carbon has the ability to form both sigma and pi bonds to itself. This is due to an overlap between pi-electron orbitals, allowing electron density to be shared and thus stabilising the bond.Silicon on the other hand has negligible overlap between pi-orbitals, and thus tends to not form pi-bonds by preference. As a result, silicon has a relatively poor capacity for catenation.

Bipin Kumar Dubey Chemical Dept. IIT Kharagpur
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