IIT JEE , AIEEE Forum - Articles Category , Community shelf - test -Structure and Properties of Organic Molecules

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1 .

Which of the following hybridizations produces a trigonal carbon?

	sp³
	sp
	sp⁴
	sp²

2 .

What is the shape of the bonding sigma orbital that connects the two carbons of ethane?

	two spheres, centered at each carbon nucleus, with a nodal plane between them
	tetrahedral, with each of the two carbons at an apex of the tetrahedron
	cylindrically symmetrical around the C-C bond axis
	spherical, centered at the midpoint of the C-C bond

3 .

What orbitals overlap to form the C-H bonds in ethane?

	H, 1s; C, 2sp³
	H, 1p; C, 2p
	H, 1s; C, 2s
	H, 1s; C, 2sp

4 .

Assuming that the sigma bonds of ethene are in the xz-plane, which p orbitals are involved in pi bond formation?

	p_x orbitals alone
	p_z orbitals alone
	p_y orbitals alone
	p_x and p_z orbitals to equal extents

5 .

With the four atoms of ethyne lying on the z-axis, in what planes are the two pi bonds of ethyne?

	One pi bond is in the xy-plane, and one in the yz-plane.
	Both pi bonds are in the yz-plane.
	One pi bond is in the xz-plane, and one is in the yz-plane.
	Both pi bonds are in the xz-plane.

6 .

What is the shape of the BH₄^- anion and what is the hybridization of the boron atom in this anion?

	tetrahedral with B-sp² hybridization
	square planar with B-sp² hybridization
	square planar with B-sp³ hybridization
	tetrahedral with B-sp³ hybridization

7 .

What is the source of van der Waals attractive forces?

	charge-dipole interactions
	dipole-dipole interactions
	charge-induced dipole interactions
	induced dipole-induced dipole interactions

8 .

What is the dominant attractive force among H₂O molecules in water and in ice?

	dipole-dipole interactions
	hydrogen bonding
	charge-charge interactions
	charge-dipole interactions

9 .

Ethanol, CH₃-CH₂-OH, and dimethyl ether, CH₃-O-CH₃, have the same molecular weight, yet ethanol's boiling point is over 100° higher than dimethyl ether's boiling point. What is the source of the discrepancy in boiling points?

	Ionic attraction is present in ethanol but absent in dimethyl ether.
	van der Waals forces are strong in ethanol but not in dimethyl ether.
	Dipolar forces are present in ethanol but not in dimethyl ether.
	Ethanol molecules can associate through hydrogen bonding, but dimethyl ether molecules cannot form hydrogen bonds to each other.

10 .

In what way do aldehydes and ketones differ from each other?

	Ketones contain the carbonyl group, C=O; aldehydes contain the hydroxyl group, C-OH.
	In aldehydes, the carbonyl group must be bonded to at least one hydrogen; in ketones the carbonyl group must be bonded to two carbons.
	The carbonyl carbon is sp² hybridized in aldehydes but is sp³ hybridized in ketones.
	Aldehydes contain the elements C and H; ketones contain C, H, and O.

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