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The most basic way to explain it is that the inductive effect is used to explain how certain groups can "Push" and "Pull" charge that is next to them, the most common example is the Methyl (or similar alkyl group) that will "Push" negative charge from itself and toward whatever it is attached to, this is called a "+I" group because of this effect. The pushing of negative charge towards something that is positive will help make that species a little less positive then if it was all alone and therefore less unstable.
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