consider that you throw a ball on the ground.... it will bounce up again.... but it will not bounce up to the hieght as when you threw it the first time.... on second bounce it will decrease its hieght in bouncing again....
The ball described here bounces a little low than the previous time it did...
Here it can be considered that the ball collides with ground....
And its velocity after colliding with ground is proportional to the velocity before colliding the ground.....
it is
Vf = e Vi
this e is coefficient of restitution.....
whenever there is elastic collision e = 1 as final velocity is equal to initial velocity....
in inelastic collision e = 0....
for all the other collisions 1 > e > 0;
so coefficient of restitution is that which hampers the velocity of the body in motion and decreases it on its collision....