see figure 3-Q3.... let the distance from point A to point of mass M block(say point is K), be Z. now construct a perpendicular to the base where the pulleys are affixed.... name the point as R... let the distance KR be X.... let the distance RA be Y... In triangle ARK, X^2 + Y^2 = Z^2; differentiating with respect to time.... 2Z dZ/dt = 0 + 2X dX/dt... therefore... dX/dt= Z/X*dZ/dt...this can be written as.... dZ/dt/X/Z (here / stands for "whole divided by" ) or... u/cos..........