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Topic : Very unique & nice topic on reducing agents in organic chemistry please c will not regre
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Engineering Entrance
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JEE Main
Oxidation And Reduction Reactions in Organic ChemistryIntroduction one of the unique characteristics of carbon is that it has nine stable oxidation states. It should not be surprising that organic chemists have developed reagents that allow them to alter these oxidation levels. This topic presents a survey of some of those reagents.Oxidizing ReagentsWe have already seen several examples of such reagents in our discussion of the oxidation of alcohols. They are repeated here for the sake of completeness.Chromic AcidThis reagent is prepared by mixing sodium or potassium dichromate with sulfuric acid as shown in Equation 1.It is used to oxidize secondary alcoh
Topic : Named Reactions in Organic Chemistry for IIT-JEE
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Engineering Entrance
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JEE Main
Aldol CondensationArndt Eistert SynthesisBaeyer Villiger OxidationBenzoin CondensationBirch ReductionBoradine Hunsdiecker ReactionBouveault–Blanc ReactionBucherer ReactionCannizaro's RectionClaisen CondensationClaisen RearrangementClaisen Schmidt ReactionContant Finkelstein ReactionCope EliminationCorey House SynthesisCurtius ReactionDieckmann CondensationDiels Alder ReactionEtard's ReactionFavoroskii RearranagementFriedel Crafts ReactionsFries RearrangementGabriel Phthalimide SynthesisGattermann ReactionGattermann Koch ReactionGomberg ReactionHell Volhard Zelensky ( HVZ ) ReactionHoffmann Bromamide DegradationHoffmann Maritius ReactionKilliani Fischer
Topic : ORGANIC CONVERSIONS- SHORT CUTS (CONTINUED)
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Engineering Entrance
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JEE Main
Previous article was based on simple organic conversion for increasing the number of Carbon atoms or same number of C-atoms.Now I am attaching few pages in which I will be concentrating around what we get from aldehydes and ketones and how we can get different products from aldehydes and ketones. I am also condensing few of Aromatic conversion steps. I will write tommorow few pages of general conversions through which you can do all conversions asked in Board exams. So depending upon the understanding of you of basic organic chemistry you can easily do organic conversions.Please keep one thing in mind dont cram any thing If You follow the steps suggested by me there
Topic : Important Reagents in Organic Chemistry
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Engineering Entrance
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JEE Main
This article is orignally contributed by me.copyright(c) vkvashistha It might be not visible clearly. To see clearly, just click ont the image and then zoom it in your photo editor.Thank You
Topic : CHEMASTRY
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314
Engineering Entrance
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Medical Entrance
HOW TO SOLVED CONVERTION CHAT......?
Topic : A Guide To Carbohydrates
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166
Medical Entrance
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AIPMT
A Guide To CarbohydratesAuthor: James HartA Guide To CarbohydratesCarbohydrates have got somewhat of a bad reputation recently with many ‘diet gurus’ writing about how they can make you ‘fat’ or prevent fat loss, so with the abundance of (what I think to be) misinformation about carbohydrates I thought I would outline what carbohydrate are, how they work, and why they are important!EnergyCarbohydrates are the body’s preferred energy source, what this means is that the energy your body needs to keep itself active comes from the carbohydrates that you consume. Most of the carbohydrates you eat are stored in the form of muscle or liver gly
Topic : Chemistry - Alkenes to Alkanes
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Medical Entrance
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AIPMT
Chemistry - Alkenes to AlkanesBy Karel KosmanSimple Organic Compounds Containing Carbon, Hydrocarbons With Functional GroupsCarbon (C) is present in most compounds, both inorganic and organic. Carbon is fairly unreactive, but at high temperatures is forms compounds with hydrogen, oxygen and various metals. Carbon is the only element with the ability to form chains and cyclical compounds of carbon atoms that line up next to each other in various lengths. This makes carbon the basis of organic chemistry. Thanks to carbon, more than 10 million known organisms survive, even thrive, on this Earth. In addition, there are around 200,000 known inorganic compounds which cont
Topic : Some Facts About Organic Chemistry
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AIPMT
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Chemistry
Facts About Organic ChemistryBy Pauline GoPertaining to the study of carbon compounds which are covalent in their molecular bonding with another element, Organic chemistry is one of the most important subparts of chemistry, and is considered to be a part of high school education expecting most educated people to have knowledge in the subject. The purview of Organic chemistry involves the reaction and behavior between various covalent carbon compounds and how their presence in common substances affects the usage methods, techniques and scope. Another area of study is the structure of organic compounds at the molecular level and inventions, tests and discoveries based
Topic : ORGANIC CONVERSIONS - 3- AROMATIC COMPOUNDS(Basic Tips)
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Engineering Entrance
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JEE Main
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Topic : haloalkanes and haloarenes
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6538
Engineering Entrance
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JEE Main
The halogen derivatives of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons are called Haloalkanes and Haloarenes, respectively. Haloalkanes are commonly known as Alkyl halides and Haloarenes as Aryl Halides. There are two types of isomerism seen in halo compounds: chain isomerism and position isomerism. Alkanes react with halogens in the presence of light to give Haloalkanes. Addition of Halogen acids to alkenes also gives Haloalkanes. In case of unsymmetrical alkenes, Markovnikov's rule is applied. Haloalkanes can also be prepared from alcohols by reaction with halogen acids, phosphorous halides and thionyl chloride. Thionyl chloride method is the be
Topic : LEARN BASICS Of Nomenclature ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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Engineering Entrance
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JEE Main
NOMENCLATURE AND STRUCTURE OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS: New Chemistry Syllabus IITJEE 2012 EntranceMagic Tips Using Chemistry, Hidden Facts of Chemistry Greek and Latin prefixes play an important role in nomenclature: Greek Latin ½ hemi semi 1 mono uni 1½ sesqui 2 di bi 3 tri ter 4 tetra
Topic : Modern Einstein Theory of Relativity
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785
Engineering Entrance
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GATE
Einstein's Theory of Relativity states that , "Agar ek ladke ke haath par kisi ladki ka haath ho to ek ghanta bhi ek minute ki tarah guzarta hai aur agar ek haath ek garam tave pe rakha ho to ek minute bhi ek ghanta ke barabar guzarta hai. "Best Explanation of Albert Einstein's Special Theory of Relativity rate if you like
Topic : Toughest Problems in The world(must have a look)
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Engineering Entrance
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JEE Main
Source Wikipedia.Don't forget to click like if you find it interestingMillennium Prize ProblemsFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia This article is about the math prizes. For the technology prize, see Millennium Technology Prize.The seven problems are:The Millennium Prize Problems are seven problems in mathematics that were stated by theClay Mathematics Institute in 2000. As of March 2012, six of the problems remain unsolved. A correct solution to any of the problems results in a US$1,000,000 prize (sometimes called aMillennium Prize) being awarded by the institute. The Poincaré conjecture, the onl
Topic : ORGANIC CONVERSIONS - 3- AROMATIC COMPOUNDS(Basic Tips)
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Engineering Entrance
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JEE Main
Dear Students Thank you very much for your great resonse and good comments I am geting. Today I am going to give you the tips for the conversions for aromatic compounds. These charts if you study and understand carefully I dont think any organic conversion will remain difficult for you. Just follow basics and you will be at ease. and belive me Organic Chemistry will never be so easy after this.Please go through it and try to solve conversions which are in your sample papers ( few examples I am also giving).Please comment and tell me your suggestions and any modification. Tomorrow or later today I will post other tips of Organic conversions of double
Topic : IUPAC Nomenclature
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Engineering Entrance
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JEE Main
Common names and geneva system Introduction IUPAC (Geneva System of Nomenclature)(i) Regular pattern of naming side chain + alk + (-)ane or (=)ene or (=)yne + suffix of main functional group 1C
Topic : Calculation of no of optical isomers
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Engineering Entrance
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JEE Main
calculation of no of optical isomers..... Type 1 : when molecule is not divisible into two equal halves and contains 'n' asymmaetric carbon atoms, thenno of optically active isomers (a) = 2^nno of meso forms, (m) = 0no of racemice mixture (r) = a/2Note : racemice forms will never be included in total no of optical isomersTotal no of optical isomers =a + me.g no of optical active isomers of glucose = total no of isomers of glucose = 2^ 4 =16 Type 2: When molecule is divisble in two equal halves,case (i) if n is even, &nbs
Topic : order of acidity
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472
Engineering Entrance
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Medical Entrance
arrange the following compounds according to increasing pka1.cyclohexanol,phenol,cyclohexanecarboxylic acid
Topic : plz plz plz see this............sabse imp. haiiiiiiiiii
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Engineering Entrance
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JEE Main
SOME OF IMPORTANT INCREASING DECREASING FUNCTIONSSSSSSS................. A)DECREASING SIZE Fe > Fe2+ > Fe3+ B)INCREASING SIZE I+ < I < I- C)DECREASING RADII O2- > F > Na+ > Mg2+ D)INCREASING BOND POLARITY N - Cl < S-O < As-F < Mg - O E)DEC. POLARITY OF DIATOMIC MOLECULES NaCl > HCl > ClF >Cl2 F)INCREASING ENERGY OF MOLECULAR ORBITALS *2S < 2P < PI 2PX < *2P G)DECREASING SHEILDING EFFECT OF INNER ELECTRONS WITH SAME PRINCIPAL QUANTOM NO. s > p > d > f H)D
Topic : calculate total no of isomers of a compound
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1178
Engineering Entrance
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JEE Main
DOUBLE BOND EQUIVALENTS or INDEX NUMBER:It is a numerical value on the basis of which we can have an idea about the different type of equivalent structures we can have for a given formula. Knowing the DBE the problems on structural isomerism can be more easily solved. Mathematically, DBE= {( n(v-2))/2}+1where n is the number of atomsv is the valency of the atom.Eg 1):Consider C4H6DBE={4(4-2)/2+6(1-2)/2}+1={(8-6)/2}+1=2This implies that the molecule may contain,1)two double bonds or one triple bond.2)one ring and one double bond.3)two rings. Thus by knowing the DBE total number of structural isomers can be formulated. Eg 2):Co
Topic : Wagner-Meerwein Rearrangements
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Engineering Entrance
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JEE Main
Here's an example explaining Wagner-Meerwein Rearrangements2,2-dimethyl-1-bromopropane has very low SN2 reactivity , due to stearic hindrance. Under conditions that favor SN1 reactivity, such as solution in wet formic acid, neopentyl bromide reacts at roughly the same rate as ethyl bromide. Both of these compounds are 1º-alkyl halides, and for an SN1 reaction the rate determining step requires ionization to a 1º-carbocation. As noted in the carbocation stability order shown below, such carbocations are relatively unstable and are formed slowly. Ca
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